法華經義記 5.35

5.35

「若有聞者」此下十行偈是第二據別略勸弘經之方，此第二段望上總則成別，望下廣故稱略也。今就此十行偈中自有兩段，第一有四行，先勸善人應為說，第二「斯法華經」下有六行偈，誡令莫為惡人說也。此兩段中各有三，今且就前四行善人應為說中，自有三種善人，初一行先明不退轉人應為說。阿者言無，鞞跋致言退，無退之人應為說也。第二「若有信受」下一行半，明過去久種善根之人，應為此人說也。第三「若人有能」下有一行半偈，則明未來世中常值善知識人，應為此人說也。此三種人即成三世，初明不退之人，即是現在；次明久種善根人，即是過去；後明常值善知識人，即明過去久種善根人，即此人未來世中當得相值，但互舉一邊為義也。「斯法華經」此下有六行，是第二誡令莫為惡人說。此六行中亦有三種者，初一行先明淺識之人莫為說，第二「一切聲聞」下三行，舉有信之人況出不信之人，及取即得不信之人也。第三「又舍利弗」下兩行，更出惡人總結莫為說。初偈明我見之人不應說，後偈多愛染之人勿為說。

From “If there are those who hear” onwards, the following ten lines of verse constitute the second [part], which briefly encourages methods for propagating the sūtra based on distinctions. Comparing this second section to what precedes, which was general, it constitutes the distinct; comparing it to what follows, which is broad, it is called brief. Now, within these ten lines of verse, there are naturally two sections. The first consists of four lines, which first exhort that one should preach for good people; the second, from “This Lotus Sūtra” onwards, consists of six lines of verse, which admonish not to preach for evil people. Within each of these two sections there are three [subdivisions]. Now, dealing first with the preceding four lines on how one should preach for good people, there are naturally three kinds of good people. The initial first line first explains that one should preach for non-regressing people. A- means non-, and -vaivartika means regression; for a person of non-regression one should preach. Second, the one and a half lines following “If there is one who faithfully receives” explain that one should preach for a person who has deeply planted roots of goodness in the past. Third, the one and a half lines of verse following “If there is a person who is able” explain that one should preach for a person who in future ages will constantly encounter good spiritual friends. These three kinds of people constitute the three times: first, explaining the non-regressing person relates to the present; next, explaining the person who has deeply planted roots of goodness relates to the past; subsequently, explaining the person who constantly encounters good spiritual friends explains that the person who in the past deeply planted roots of goodness will, in future ages, come to meet [such friends], though the meaning is stated by presenting only one side alternately. The six lines following “This Lotus Sūtra” are the second [section], which admonishes that one must not preach for evil people. Within these six lines there are also three kinds: the initial first line first explains that one must not preach for a person of shallow understanding; second, the three lines following “All voice-hearers” take people who possess faith to illustrate by contrast people who lack faith, as well as addressing those who forthwith acquire faithlessness; third, the two lines following “Moreover, Śāriputra” further bring out evil people and conclude generally that one should not preach [for them]. The first verse explains that one should not preach for a person with the view of self; the latter verse [explains] that one must not preach for a person with much craving and attachment.