妙法蓮華經玄義 3.160

3.160

菩薩欲拔苦、集，而起大悲，興兩誓願；欲與道、滅而起大慈，興兩誓願。發誓願已，次則修行。思惟在家逼迫猶如牢獄，不得盡壽淨修梵行；出家閑曠，猶若虛空。即棄家捨欲，白四羯磨，持性重戒、息世譏嫌等無差別，不為愛見羅剎毀戒浮囊，如《止觀》中說。因是持戒，具足根本業清淨戒、前後眷屬餘清淨戒、非諸惡覺覺清淨戒、護持正念念清淨戒、迴向具足無上道戒。根本者，十善性戒眾戒根本，為無漏心持，故言清淨。前後眷屬餘清淨戒者，偷蘭遮等，是前眷屬；十三等是後眷屬；餘者非律藏所出，絓諸經所制者，如方等二十四戒之流，名為餘戒也。

The bodhisattva wishes to eradicate suffering and its origin, thereby giving rise to great compassion and producing two vows; he wishes to bestow the path and cessation, thereby giving rise to great kindness and producing two vows. Having made these vows, he next cultivates practice. Reflecting that household life is confining like a prison and one cannot purely cultivate the pure conduct to the end of one's life, whereas leaving the household life is spacious like empty space, he abandons home, renounces desire, undergoes the fourfold formal motion and resolution (jñapti-caturtha-karman), and maintains the inherently grave precepts and the precepts guarding against worldly censure without distinction, not letting the rākṣasas of craving and views damage his flotation bladder of precepts, as explained in the Calming and Contemplation. Because of this maintenance of precepts, he is endowed with: the pure precepts of fundamental karmic action, the remaining pure precepts of preceding and subsequent adjuncts, the pure precepts of mindfulness free from all evil discursive thoughts, the pure precepts of mindfulness that protects and maintains right mindfulness, and the precepts endowed with dedication toward the unexcelled path. 'Fundamental' refers to the natural precepts of the ten goods, which are the foundation of all precepts; because they are maintained with an uncontaminated mind, they are called pure. As for the 'remaining pure precepts of preceding and subsequent adjuncts,' sthūlātyaya and the like are the preceding adjuncts; the thirteen [saṃghāvaśeṣas] and the like are the subsequent adjuncts; 'remaining' refers to those not found in the Vinayapiṭaka but instituted across various sūtras, such as the class of the twenty-four precepts of the Vaipulya—these are called the remaining precepts.