妙法蓮華經玄義 8.144

8.144

三、遵修定慧者，行人既誓求出，有依波羅提木叉住修道，但罪障紛馳，心不得安，道何由剋？為修四念處，學五停心，破五種障。五停事觀即是定，定生念處即慧，慧定均停，故名安心。又定慧調適，故名停心。若無定慧，若單定慧，若不均調定慧，皆不名賢人。如世間賢人，智德具足，智則靡所不閑，德則美行無缺，許由、巢父，乃可稱賢。若多智寡德名狂人，多德寡智名癡人，狂癡皆非賢也。賢名賢能，亦名賢善，善故有德，能故有智，智德具足，故稱賢人。行者亦爾，修四念處慧，學五停心定，定慧具足。

Third, honoring and cultivating concentration and wisdom: after the practitioner has vowed to seek deliverance, there are those who abide in and cultivate the Way relying on the prātimokṣa; yet transgressions and obstacles run rampant, and the mind cannot be peaceful, so by what means could the Way be attained? In order to cultivate the four applications of mindfulness, one studies the five methods of stilling the mind to break through the five kinds of obstacles. The phenomenal contemplation of the five stillings is itself concentration; the applications of mindfulness produced from concentration are wisdom; when wisdom and concentration are evenly balanced, it is called pacifying the mind. Moreover, because concentration and wisdom are harmonized and adapted, it is called stilling the mind. If one lacks concentration and wisdom, or possesses only concentration or only wisdom, or if concentration and wisdom are not evenly harmonized, one is not called a worthy person. Just as a worthy person in the secular world is fully endowed with wisdom and virtue—in wisdom, there is nothing in which he is not versed; in virtue, his fine conduct is without defect, like Xu You and Chao Fu, who can indeed be called worthy. If one has much wisdom and little virtue, one is called a madman; if one has much virtue and little wisdom, one is called a fool; the mad and the foolish are neither of them worthy. 'Worthy' means worthy and capable, and also means worthy and good: being good, one has virtue; being capable, one has wisdom; endowed with both wisdom and virtue, one is therefore praised as a worthy person. The practitioner is also like this: cultivating the wisdom of the four applications of mindfulness and studying the concentration of the five stillings of the mind, concentration and wisdom are complete.