妙法蓮華經玄義 4.6

4.6

A practitioner wishing to escape the cage of form cultivates the four formless concentrations. Destroying form and preserving mind, mind and mind mutually relying, they are therefore named the four formless [concentrations]. As for the expedients: one must reproach form as the root of suffering—hunger, thirst, cold, and heat, form being a mass of suffering; praise space as pure and subtle, free from all oppressions, transcending all form; and when corresponding with the concentration of space, neither suffering nor pleasure increases doubly. Within deep concentration, one sees only empty space without any characteristics of form, the mind free from dispersion. Furthermore, because one attains the concentration of space, one transcends the form realm, hence it is called 'transcending all characteristics of form'; the dharma of space holds the mind so that various forms cannot arise, hence it is called 'destroying characteristics of resistance'; having already attained the concentration of space, one is definitely able to relinquish form dharmas without recollecting or longing for them, hence it is called 'not attending to various characteristics of form', and so forth. Reproaching the lower and aspiring to the higher all have expedients, detailed in the Gate of Dhyāna, and so forth. This concludes fundamental savor-dhyāna.