法華義疏 1.179

1.179

就歎德內以六門釋之：一、上下門；二、總別門；三、得離門；四、三人門；五、三德門；六、四智門。上下門者，上下互相釋。云何名羅漢？以諸漏已盡故。云何言諸漏已盡？以無復煩惱故。此用下釋上，次以上釋下，如以無復煩惱逮得己利，盡諸有結故心得自在也。二、總別門者，羅漢為總，下四句為別也。三、得離門者，歎菩薩以自行化他為主，美聲聞宜用得離為宗，此中四句兩雙明得離也。初雙據現在離因患而論得離，次雙約未來離果患而論得離也。諸漏已盡，此歎離也。

Within praising their virtues, it is explained through six gates: first, the higher-and-lower gate; second, the general-and-particular gate; third, the attainment-and-relinquishment gate; fourth, the three-persons gate; fifth, the three-virtues gate; sixth, the four-knowledges gate. As for the higher-and-lower gate, the higher and lower mutually explain each other. Why are they called arhats? Because their outflows were already exhausted. Why is it said that their outflows were already exhausted? Because they no longer had defilements. This uses the lower to explain the higher. Next, using the higher to explain the lower: because they no longer had defilements, they attained their own benefit; having exhausted all fetters of existence, their minds attained mastery. Second, regarding the general-and-particular gate: "arhat" is general, and the four phrases below are particular. Third, regarding the attainment-and-relinquishment gate: praising bodhisattvas takes one's own practice and transforming others as primary, while extolling śrāvakas properly takes attainment and relinquishment as central; here, the four phrases constitute two pairs that clarify attainment and relinquishment. The first pair discusses attainment and relinquishment based on being free from the affliction of causes in the present; the second pair discusses attainment and relinquishment with regard to being free from the affliction of results in the future. "Their outflows were already exhausted" is a praise of relinquishment.