法華義疏 2.226

2.226

「文殊師利」下，第二、明戒。前是在家菩薩，今是出家菩薩；前辨行善，今明息惡。昔有五王相問，各陳所好，一好園林華菓，一好婦女美色，一好軍馬兵甲，一好田獵遊戲。有一大王次第為說過患，華菓即有彫零枯折，婦女即有恩愛別離，軍有鬪戰相殺，田獵乖傷慈悲，不如厭老病死求常樂涅槃。四王聞之皆詣佛所出家修道。明菩薩有三種戒：一、息一切惡，謂攝律儀戒；二、修一切善，謂攝善法戒；三、度一切眾生，謂度眾生戒。此文既是菩薩出家，必具受三戒，而未行餘二，正明是攝律儀也。

From "Mañjuśrī" onward is the second part, clarifying moral discipline (śīla). Previously were lay bodhisattvas; here are monastic bodhisattvas. Previously the practice of good was distinguished; here the cessation of evil is clarified. In the past, five kings questioned each other, each stating his preference: one liked park groves, flowers, and fruits; one liked the beautiful forms of women; one liked warhorses, weapons, and armor; one liked hunting and games. One great king sequentially explained their perils to them: flowers and fruits wither and snap; women bring the parting of love and affection; armies involve combat and mutual slaughter; hunting transgresses and harms compassion; none of these compare to detesting old age, sickness, and death, and seeking eternal bliss in nirvāṇa. Hearing this, the four kings all went to the Buddha's place, went forth from household life, and cultivated the Path. This clarifies that bodhisattvas have three kinds of moral discipline: first, ceasing all evil, called the discipline of restraint; second, cultivating all good, called the discipline of gathering wholesome Dharmas; third, saving all sentient beings, called the discipline of benefiting sentient beings. Since this passage describes bodhisattvas going forth from household life, they necessarily receive all three disciplines completely; but not yet having practiced the other two, it specifically clarifies the discipline of restraint.