法華義疏 6.184

6.184

「是乘微妙」下三行，頌大車也。三偈為二：初二偈，歎乘；次一偈，出乘體。前二偈又開為二：初偈，就法歎乘；第二偈，就人歎乘。第一就法歎乘中，上半對聲聞緣覺二乘歎佛乘也。「是乘微妙」者，德無不圓也。「清淨」者，累無不盡也。以德無不圓、累無不盡，故超出二乘，稱為「第一」。「於諸世間」下半行，對人天乘歎佛乘也。人天乘為世間乘，故名有上乘，佛乘是出世間乘，故名無上也。「佛所悅可」下，第二、就人門嘆，亦為二：初一句，明佛所稱歎；次三句，明除佛以下九道眾生並應稱歎也。又前明所乘法，「佛所悅可」明能乘人。「一切眾生」下，明儐從人。要具此三，乘義乃足。「無量億千」下一行，第二、出乘體，亦有二義：初三句，就佛實慧以為乘體；次一句，明佛權智以為乘體也。

The three verses from "This vehicle is subtle and wondrous" downward versify the great carriages. The three verses make two [parts]: the first two verses praise the vehicle; the next one verse brings forth the substance of the vehicle. The first two verses further divide into two: the first verse praises the vehicle with respect to the teaching; the second verse praises the vehicle with respect to the person. In the first [verse] praising the vehicle with respect to the teaching, the upper half praises the Buddha vehicle in contrast to the two vehicles of the śrāvaka and the pratyekabuddha. "This vehicle is subtle and wondrous" means that its virtues are completely consummate. "Pure" means that its burdens are entirely extinguished. Because its virtues are completely consummate and its burdens entirely extinguished, it surpasses the two vehicles and is termed "foremost." The lower half-verse, "above all worlds," praises the Buddha vehicle in contrast to the human and deva vehicles. The human and deva vehicles are worldly vehicles, and are thus called "surpassed vehicles"; the Buddha vehicle is the supramundane vehicle, and is thus called "unsurpassed." From "Delighted in by the Buddhas" downward, the second [part] praises [the vehicle] with respect to the approach of persons, and also makes two [parts]: the first line clarifies its being praised by the Buddhas; the next three lines clarify that, with the Buddha excluded, all sentient beings in the nine realms below should also praise it. Furthermore, the preceding clarified the teaching that is ridden, while "delighted in by the Buddhas" clarifies the person capable of riding it. From "all sentient beings" downward clarifies the retinue. Only when these three are complete is the meaning of the vehicle fulfilled. The single verse from "immeasurable billions and thousands" downward is the second [part], which brings forth the substance of the vehicle; it also has two meanings: the first three lines take the Buddha's real insight as the substance of the vehicle; the next line clarifies that the Buddha's provisional cognition serves as the substance of the vehicle.