法華義疏 9.37

9.37

「我等歡喜得未曾有」者，聞上來說法及以總記故歡喜也。「不亦快乎」者，千二百羅漢見諸人得別記，謂己不得別記故來請之，若得別記，成佛事定故稱為快。「佛知此等」下，第二、佛與授記。就文為三：初、總許；二、別授記；三、命迦葉令其宣記。今是初也。「於此眾中」下，第二、別授記。前長行、後偈頌。前長行二：前、別授陳如；次、別授五百。須知五百及千二百皆是千二百中之數也。千二百是得三乘道之初數，此千二百中五百為標領，故云五百耳。設舉五百，亦是千二百中之數，如十七群及六群之名也。「其五百羅漢」下，第二、授五百人記。「迦留陀夷」者，迦留此翻時，陀夷名之為起。《十八部疏》云迦留者。「黑陀夷」者，上謂悉達太子在宮時師也。「周陀」者，翻為不樂，又云小路。「莎伽陀」翻為善來，本名惡來，外國亦云沙竭陀亦云沙伽陀。「優陀夷」亦云烏陀夷，此云出也。

"We are glad and overjoyed at having gained what we never had before": they rejoice because they have heard the preceding preaching of the Dharma and the general conferment of prophecy. "Is this not delightful!": when the twelve hundred arhats saw the others receive individual prophecies, they thought that they themselves would not receive individual prophecies and so came to entreat [the Buddha]; if they were to receive individual prophecies, their attainment of Buddhahood would be settled, and therefore this is called "delightful." From "The Buddha, knowing these..." downward is the second part: the Buddha confers prophecies upon them. In the text there are three sections: first, a general assent; second, the individual conferment of prophecies; third, ordering Kāśyapa to proclaim the prophecies. The present passage is the first. From "Among this assembly..." downward is the second section: the individual conferment of prophecies. First comes the prose, and later the verses. The preceding prose has two parts: first, conferring a prophecy individually on Ājñātakauṇḍinya; next, conferring prophecies individually on the five hundred. One must realize that the five hundred and the twelve hundred are both numbers belonging to the twelve hundred. Twelve hundred was the initial number of those who attained the path of the three vehicles; among these twelve hundred, five hundred were the leaders, and thus it merely says "five hundred." Even when mentioning five hundred, it is still a number within the twelve hundred, like the designations of the group of seventeen and the group of six. From "Those five hundred arhats..." downward is the second part: conferring prophecies on the five hundred persons. As for "Kālodayin": *kālo* is translated here as "time," and *dayin* is called "rising." The *Eighteen Schools Commentary* discusses Kālu. As for "Kālodayin" (Black Udayin): mentioned above, he was the teacher of Prince Siddhārtha while in the palace. "Cunda" is translated as "displeasure," and also called "Small Path." "Svāgata" is translated as "Welcome"; his original name was Durgata ("Ill-come"); in foreign languages he is also called Sāgarata and also called Sāgata. "Udayin" is also called Udāyin, which is translated here as "arising."