妙法蓮華經玄贊 2.56

2.56

贊曰：下明非天眾，有五：初龍眾也。第一名喜，次名賢喜，此二兄弟善應人心，風不鳴條、雨不破塊，初能令人喜，後性賢令喜，故以為名。「娑伽羅」者，即醎海之龍。「和修吉」者，此云九頭，繞妙高，食細龍之類也。「德叉迦」者，此云多舌，舌有多故，或由嗜語故名多舌。「阿那婆達多」者，此云無熱惱，無熱惱池之龍，離三熱惱故。一非火沙所爍，二無風吹衣露形，三無妙翅鳥所食。無此三種所生火惱，名無熱惱。《華嚴經》云：「大地菩薩為此池龍，興大悲雲蔭覆一切眾生，離苦法門而得自在，於鱗甲中流出諸水日夜無竭，濟瞻部洲諸有情類。」「摩那斯」者，此云慈心，《華嚴經》云：「將降雨時先雲七日，待眾事了，然後始雨，故名慈心。」「優鉢羅」者，此云紅蓮華，居池為名。

The commentary: Below, the non-deva assemblies are explained, of which there are five: first, the assembly of nāgas. The first is named Joy (Nanda), the next is named Worthy Joy (Upananda); these two are brothers, who skillfully respond to human hearts: the wind does not rustle the branches, and the rain does not break clods of earth; the former can make people joyful, and the latter is virtuous by nature and makes people joyful, hence they are named after this. 'Sāgara' is the nāga of the salty sea. 'Vāsuki' means 'Nine Heads' here, who coils around Mount Meru and feeds on smaller nāgas and the like. 'Takṣaka' means 'Many Tongues' here, because he has multiple tongues, or is named 'Many Tongues' because of his fondness for talking. 'Anavatapta' means 'Without Heat and Affliction' here, the nāga of the Anavatapta Lake, because he is free from the three hot afflictions: first, not being scorched by burning sand; second, having no wind blow away clothes and expose the body; third, not being eaten by the garuḍa bird. Free from the fiery afflictions produced by these three, he is named 'Without Heat and Affliction'. The Avataṃsaka-sūtra says: 'A bodhisattva of the great bhūmis became the nāga of this lake, raising a great cloud of compassion to overshadow all sentient beings, gaining mastery in the Dharma door of leaving suffering, flowing forth myriad waters from between his scales day and night without exhaustion, aiding all sentient beings of Jambudvīpa.' 'Manasvin' means 'Benevolent Mind' here; the Avataṃsaka-sūtra says: 'When about to make rain fall, he first clouds over for seven days, waiting until everyone's affairs are completed before only then making it rain; therefore he is named Benevolent Mind.' 'Utpala' means 'Red Lotus Flower' here, named after dwelling in the pool.