華嚴經探玄記 1.19

1.19

初明三藏者，一名修多羅，或云修妬路，或云素呾囕，此云契經。契有二義，謂契理故、合機故。經亦二義，謂貫穿法相故、攝持所化故。貫穿者，世親釋云：謂能貫穿依故、相故、法故、義故，名素呾囕。謂於是處，由此為此而有所說，名之為依。真俗諦相，名之為相。十善巧法等，名之為法。隨密意等以說諸法，名之為義。又無性釋為貫穿縫綴。解云：貫穿是契入義，縫綴是契合義。謂以聖言貫穿義理，令不散失、令不隱沒，縫綴連合，令成詮表、令得久住。《佛地論》云「能貫能攝故名為經。以佛聖教，貫穿攝持所應說義及所化生，名為契經。契理之經，依主釋也。契經即藏，持業釋也。」又《雜心》五義：一涌泉、二出主、三顯示、四繩墨、五結鬘。正翻名線，何故稱經？謂線能貫華、經能持緯，義用相似。但以此方重於經名不貴線稱，是故翻譯逐其所重，廢線存經，從譬立名。

First, explaining the three baskets: The first is called sūtra, also termed *xiuduluo*, or *sudalan*; here translated as 'tallying scripture' (*qijing*). 'Tallying' (*qi*) has two senses: tallying with principle and fitting the faculties. 'Scripture' (*jing*) also has two senses: stringing together the characteristics of dharmas and holding together those who are transformed. As for 'stringing together,' Vasubandhu explains: because it can string together the basis, the characteristic, the dharma, and the meaning, it is called *sūtra*. That is, in such a place, due to this, and for the sake of this something was spoken—this is called the 'basis.' The characteristics of the ultimate and conventional truths are called 'characteristics.' Dharmas such as the ten skills are called 'dharmas.' Preaching the dharmas in accord with secret intent and so forth is called 'meaning.' Furthermore, Asvabhāva explains it as 'stringing together and sewing together.' The explanation says: 'stringing together' is the sense of penetrating into, and 'sewing together' is the sense of fitting together. That is, by means of holy words one strings together the meaning and principle so that they are neither scattered and lost nor concealed and vanished, and sews and joins them so that they form an expression and endure for a long time. The *Buddhabhūmi-vyākhyāna* says: 'Because it can string together and hold together, it is called *jing*. Because the holy teaching of the Buddha strings together and holds together the meanings that should be taught and the living beings who are to be transformed, it is called *qijing*.' 'A scripture that tallies with principle' is a genitive compound (*tatpuruṣa*); 'the tallying scripture itself is the basket' is an appositional compound (*karmadhāraya*). Furthermore, the *Saṃyuktābhidharma-hṛdaya* gives five meanings: (1) welling spring, (2) issuing lord, (3) displaying, (4) marking cord, and (5) woven garland. The literal translation is 'thread' (*xian*); why then is it called 'scripture' (*jing*)? Because a thread can string flowers together, and the warp threads (*jing*) can hold the woof; their function and sense are similar. But because this country honors the term *jing* and does not value the designation 'thread,' the translators followed what was esteemed, discarding 'thread' and preserving *jing*, establishing the name based on the metaphor.