華嚴經探玄記 15.53

15.53

第二四大海中有二住處：一枳怛者，具云昵枳多，此云湧出，則海島山之名。曇無竭，此云法生，亦云法勇。二窟是海別處，准梵本應名間錯莊嚴窟。第三「毘舍離」下明諸國中菩薩住處，有十三所：初毘舍離，是中印度，亦云吠舍離，此云廣嚴城，即維摩所住也。此城南十四五里有塔，是七百賢聖重結集處。更南八九十里有僧伽藍，其側有過去四佛坐及經行遺迹之處。具《西域記》第七說。二巴連弗者，具言波吒唎補怛囉。其波吒唎，此是黃花之名，即母之號也。補怛囉，此云子也，兒也。即上代黃花女之子，創於此居，故以為名。亦是中天摩竭國也。具如《西域記》第八說。三摩偷羅者，正云秣㝹羅，此云孔雀，或云密，竝是古世因事為名，是中印度。此國中有舍利弗等塔及文殊師利塔。於王城東五六里有山寺，是烏波毱多所造寺。北巖間有石室，是毱多度人安籌所也。又東有大林，中有過去四佛經行之迹，亦有舍利弗等千二百五十人修定之所。具在《西域記》第四說。又准梵本，此處是窟名也。四俱陳那者，俱陳是姓也，那是法律也。昔有五通仙人名拘持，此云大盆，謂大池形似大盆，此仙在彼修仙，因立斯號。彼仙於此廣說法律，謂護淨、經行、養性等法，令人修學，相繫不絕，眾人同姓拘陳那也。五清淨彼岸國，應是南印度。牟真，此云解脫，是龍名也。隣陀，此云處，即解脫龍所住處。六風地者，有風孔處名無礙，是龍王所造窟也。七甘菩國者，正云劍蒲，是北印度。此國多出美女，故以為名也。最上慈者，《大集經》中名慈窟也。八真旦者，或云震旦、或曰支那，是此漢國名也。那羅延山，此云堅牢山，則青州界有東牢山，應是也，彼現有古佛聖迹。九邊夷國者，准梵語似當疎勒國，今但潤州江南有牛頭山，彼中現有佛窟寺也，則北印度境。傳云有四辟支佛影，時時出現。又此潤州，古時亦有蠻居此處，現蠻王陵，故亦名邊夷也。十罽賓者，正云迦濕彌羅，此云阿誰入。此國舊是大池，因末田底於佛滅後，降彼池龍乞容膝處。池龍既許，與羅漢通力，以廣其身，得多地處，遂得造國及僧伽藍。如佛所記，於中現有佛牙寺及五百羅漢造《毘婆娑》處。《如西域記》第三說。欝提尸山，此云遠聞山，謂多處遠人皆聞故，即此國四周之山處也。十一難提拔檀那者，難提此云喜，跋檀那此云增長，即南印度梯羅浮訶者，此云上座，即尊者之名。以居此窟故，因以為目。《文殊問經體》毘裏部，此云上座部，同此名也。十二菴浮梨摩國者，正云菴羅，此云無垢，是菓名也。以此菓能療眾病垢，故云無垢。彼國多出此菓故，名浮梨摩也。正治邪曲，託此為號。十三乾陀羅國者，正云建馱，此云香。陀羅，此云遍。謂遍此國處，香草先發，故以為名。寂靜窟，相傳是佛留影之窟。具如《西域記》及《大集經月藏》第十卷中說。上來明此閻浮菩薩住處，餘四天下准之。餘須彌世界及樹形等世界，竝准之無盡無盡也。

Second, within the four great seas there are two abodes: first, Zhidatan; fully it is Nijiduo (Niketa?), translated here as "Surging Forth," which is the name of an island mountain in the sea. Tanwujie is translated here as Fasheng ("Dharma-Arising"), and also as Fayong ("Dharma-Courageous"). Second, the cave is a distinct place in the sea; according to the Sanskrit text, it should be named the Cave of Variegated Adornment. Third, from "Vaiśālī" onward, it clarifies the bodhisattva abodes within various countries, of which there are thirteen: First, Vaiśālī is in Central India, also called Fei-she-li, translated here as the "City of Broad Adornment," which is the dwelling place of Vimalakīrti. Fourteen or fifteen li south of this city is a stūpa, the place of the second council by the seven hundred worthies and nobles. Further south by eighty or ninety li is a saṅghārāma, beside which are the traces where the past four Buddhas sat and walked in meditation, fully related in fascicle seven of the Xiyu ji. Second, Balanfu: fully stated as Pāṭaliputra. Here pāṭali is the name of a yellow flower, which is the mother's appellation; putra is translated here as son or child. That is, the son of the yellow-flower woman of ancient times first resided here, and thus it was named. It is also the country of Magadha in Central India, fully as related in fascicle eight of the Xiyu ji. Third, Motouluo: properly Mathurā, translated here as "Peacock," or "Dense," both named after events in ancient times; it is in Central India. In this country there are the stūpas of Śāriputra and others, as well as the stūpa of Mañjuśrī. Five or six li east of the royal city there is a mountain monastery, which is a monastery built by Upagupta. In a rock chamber between the northern cliffs is the place where Upagupta tallied his tallies upon liberating people. Also to the east there is a great forest, within which are the traces of the past four Buddhas walking in meditation, and also the place where the one thousand two hundred and fifty people, including Śāriputra and others, cultivated meditative absorption, fully related in fascicle four of the Xiyu ji. Also, according to the Sanskrit text, this place is the name of a cave. Fourth, Guchenna: Guchen is a clan name, and na is legal regulation. Formerly there was a hermit with the five supernormal knowledges named Guchi, translated here as "Great Basin," meaning a large pool shaped like a great basin; this hermit cultivated the ways of hermits there, and this appellation was established accordingly. That hermit extensively expounded legal regulations here, namely practices such as guarding purity, walking in meditation, and nourishing the nature, causing people to practice and learn them in continuous succession; the multitude all shared the clan name of Kauṇḍinya. Fifth, the country of Qingjing Bian ("Pure Other Shore") should be in South India. Muzhen is translated here as "Liberation," which is the name of a nāga. Linda is translated here as "place," which is the place where the nāga of liberation dwells [Mucilinda]. Sixth, Fengdi ("Wind Earth"): the place with wind apertures is named Unimpeded, which is a cave built by a nāga king. Seventh, the country of Ganpu: properly Kamboja, which is North India. This country produces many beautiful women, hence it was so named. Zuishangci ("Utmost Kindness") is named Cave of Kindness in the Daji jing. Eighth, Zhendan: also called Zhendan, or Zhina (China), which is the name of this land of Han. Mount Naluoyan (Nārāyaṇa) is translated here as "Firm and Stable Mountain"; Eastern Lao Mountain in the borders of Qingzhou should be it, where traces of ancient Buddhas and sages currently exist. Ninth, the country of Bianyi ("Border Barbarians"): according to the Sanskrit sounds, it seems to correspond to the country of Shule (Kashgar); presently, south of the Yangtze River in Runzhou there is Niutou Mountain, within which the Foxu Temple currently exists; this is the territory of North India. Tradition says there are the reflections of four pratyekabuddhas, appearing from time to time. Moreover, in this Runzhou, non-Han barbarians also dwelt in ancient times, and the tombs of barbarian kings are present; thus it is also named Bianyi. Tenth, Jibin: properly Kaśmīra, translated here as "Who Enters?" This country was formerly a great lake; after the Buddha's parinirvāṇa, Madhyāntika subdued the nāga of that lake, begging for a place to accommodate his knees. Once the lake nāga agreed, with the arhat's supernormal power he enlarged his body and acquired a large territory, whereupon he was able to build the country and saṅghārāmas. As the Buddha prophesied, currently within it there is the Buddha Tooth Monastery and the place where five hundred arhats composed the Vibhāṣā, as related in fascicle three of the Xiyu ji. Mount Yutishi is translated here as Mount Far-Hearing, meaning that people in many distant places all hear of it; that is, the mountainous places surrounding this country. Eleventh, Nandibatanna: nandi is translated here as joy; vardhana is translated here as increase; it is in South India. Tilafouhe is translated here as elder (sthavira), which is the name of the venerable one; because he dwelt in this cave, it was designated accordingly. In the Wenshu wen jing, Tibili-bu is translated as Sthaviravāda, which is the same as this name. Twelfth, the country of Anfulimo: properly āmra, translated here as "immaculate," which is the name of a fruit; because this fruit can cure the defilements of numerous diseases, it is called immaculate. Because that country produces many of these fruits, it is named Fulimo. Correcting crookedness and perversity, it took this as its designation. Thirteenth, the country of Ganduoluo: properly Gandha, translated here as fragrance; dhāra is translated here as pervasive; meaning that pervasive throughout the places of this country, fragrant grasses bloom first, hence it was so named. The Silent Cave is traditionally said to be the cave where the Buddha left his shadow. It is fully as related in the Xiyu ji and in fascicle ten of the Candragarbha section of the Daji jing. The above clarifies the bodhisattva abodes of this Jambudvīpa; the other three continents are to be inferred accordingly. The other Mount Sumeru worlds and tree-shaped worlds are likewise to be inferred as endless and inexhaustible.