華嚴經探玄記 2.29

2.29

六諸乘者，《大智論》云「若小乘經，初唯列聲聞眾。若大乘經，初具列菩薩、聲聞二眾。」義准，若一乘經，初唯列菩薩。所以知者，彼論以《大品》等為共教，別指《華嚴》為不共教，以不與聲聞共說故。又此上三門各有二說。初中二者：一若為成小教、得小果等，唯列聲聞，此是愚法小乘，如《阿含》等經說；二為迴小乘顯所被機，唯列聲聞，是大乘迴心教，如《金剛般若經》初辨。二具二眾中亦二：一或先列聲聞、後列菩薩，此通始終頓三教，如《淨名》等經辦；二或先列菩薩、後列聲聞，此通頓教及同教，如《羅摩伽經》、《惟樓王經》、《和休經》等辨。三唯列菩薩中亦二：一雖唯列菩薩，主伴不具，是同教一乘，如《十一面經》等辨；二若主伴具足，即別教一乘，如此經說。

Sixth, 'the various vehicles': the Dà zhìdù lùn says, 'In Hinayana sūtras, at the beginning only the śrāvaka assembly is listed. In Mahāyāna sūtras, at the beginning both the bodhisattva and śrāvaka assemblies are listed in full.' By principle, in One Vehicle sūtras, at the beginning only bodhisattvas are listed. How this is known: that treatise takes the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā-prajñāpāramitā Sūtra and others to be the shared teaching, and specifically designates the Avataṃsaka Sūtra as the unshared teaching, because it is not spoken in common with śrāvakas. Furthermore, the above three approaches each have two explanations. The two in the first: first, if it is to accomplish the small teaching, attain small fruits, and so forth, only śrāvakas are listed—this is the Hinayana ignorant of the Dharma, as explained in sūtras such as the Āgamas; second, if it is to redirect Hinayana and reveal those who are the target capacities, only śrāvakas are listed—this is the Mahāyāna teaching of mind-conversion, as distinguished at the beginning of the Diamond Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra. In the second, possessing both assemblies, there are also two: first, either śrāvakas are listed first and bodhisattvas listed after—this extends to the initial, final, and sudden teachings, as distinguished in sūtras such as the Vimalakīrtinirdeśa; second, or bodhisattvas are listed first and śrāvakas listed after—this extends to the sudden teaching and the shared teaching, as distinguished in sūtras such as the Luomojia jing, the Weilouwang jing, and the Hexiu jing. In the third, listing only bodhisattvas, there are also two: first, although only bodhisattvas are listed, host and companions are not complete—this is the One Vehicle of the shared teaching, as distinguished in sūtras such as the Eleven-Faced Avalokiteśvara Sūtra; second, if host and companions are fully complete, it is the One Vehicle of the distinct teaching, as explained in this sūtra.