大方廣佛華嚴經疏 34.17

34.17

二徵顯中，先顯上十盡、後「若眾生界」下顯前大願成就。今初，先徵、後顯。顯中十句，初句為總，十願皆是為眾生故；餘九句別，別皆集成度生義故。一眾生於何處住？所謂世界故。二世界依何？謂盡虛空界故。三說何法化？謂法界故。四隨所化生安置何處？謂涅槃故。五涅槃何用？謂佛出現故。六以何方便巧化？如來智故。七此智何知？謂知心所緣故。八此心所緣令隨何境？謂佛智所入境故，即是真性。後三轉盡，略攝前九義含總別。云何攝九？謂世間轉，攝前眾生界、世界、虛空界。其法轉，攝前法界、涅槃界、佛出現界。其智轉者，攝前如來智。下三界而言轉者，世法及智展轉攝前無窮盡，故轉亦是無盡義耳。又十中前四為四種無量界、後六皆調伏方便無量界。十皆云盡者，無斷盡故。

In the second part, the interrogation and revelation: first it reveals the above ten exhaustions, and later, from "If the realm of sentient beings..." onward, reveals the fulfillment of the previous great vows. Now, the first: first it interrogates, and then reveals. In the revelation there are ten clauses; the first clause is the general, for the ten vows are all for the sake of sentient beings. The remaining nine clauses are specific, each specifically constituting the meaning of delivering beings. 1. Where do sentient beings abide? Namely, the world. 2. What does the world rely upon? Namely, the exhaustion of the realm of space. 3. What Dharma is expounded to transform them? Namely, the dharmadhātu. 4. In accordance with those transformed, where are they established? Namely, nirvāṇa. 5. What is the function of nirvāṇa? Namely, the appearance of the Buddha. 6. By what expedient means are they skillfully transformed? The wisdom of the Tathāgata. 7. What does this wisdom know? Namely, knowing the cognitive objects of the mind. 8. What realm does it cause these cognitive objects of the mind to accord with? Namely, the realm entered by the Buddha's wisdom, which is the true nature. The last three turnings of exhaustion briefly subsume the previous nine, their meaning containing both the general and the specific. How do they subsume the nine? The turning of the world subsumes the previous realm of sentient beings, realm of worlds, and realm of space. The turning of phenomena subsumes the previous dharmadhātu, realm of nirvāṇa, and realm of the Buddha's appearance. The turning of wisdom subsumes the previous wisdom of the Tathāgata. The reason the lower three realms are spoken of as "turnings" is that the world, phenomena, and wisdom turn and subsume the previous ones without end; therefore, "turning" also has the meaning of inexhaustibility. Furthermore, among the ten, the first four are the four kinds of immeasurable realms, and the latter six are all immeasurable realms of expedients of taming. All ten are called "exhaustion" because they are without interruption and exhaustion.