大方廣佛華嚴經疏 34.30

34.30

第四施行，文三：初總明施行、二別顯施物、三總結行成。今初，文有五句：一明施所依，以見有苦無樂故。二「以深重」下彰其施位。此地檀度得圓滿故。契理曰深，不捨悲願為重。此心住地，故能滿檀。三「於一切」下明施體相。四求佛大智，顯施所為。五修行大捨，結施行名。二「凡所有」下別明施物，偏顯上文一切無悋。於中，初總、後「所謂」下別。別顯一切，略有二種：一者外財；二者內財，謂頭目等，文顯可知。三「為求」下總結行成，初結所為、後「是名」下正結行成。然初地中應具三施，從增勝說但舉於財，故《般若論》二三地中方行無畏，四地已上乃行法施。

Fourth, the practice of giving (dāna), in three parts: first, a general explanation of the practice of giving; second, a specific clarification of the things given; third, a general conclusion on the completion of the practice. First, there are five phrases: (1) clarifying the basis of giving, namely seeing that there is suffering and a lack of joy; (2) from 'With profound and earnest...' onward, revealing the station of giving—because in this stage the perfection of giving (dāna-pāramitā) is fulfilled; tallying with the noumenon is called 'profound', and not abandoning the vow of compassion is 'earnest'; this mind abides in the stage, and thus can fulfill the dāna[-pāramitā]; (3) from 'Toward all...' onward, clarifying the essential marks of giving; (4) 'seeking the great wisdom of the Buddha', revealing the purpose for giving; (5) 'cultivating great renunciation', concluding with the name of the practice of giving. Second, from 'Whatever there is...' onward, specifically clarifying the things given, especially highlighting the previous phrase 'free from all stinginess'. Therein, first is general, and second, from 'that is to say...' onward, is specific. The specific clarification of 'all' has, in brief, two kinds: first, external wealth; second, internal wealth, namely the head, eyes, and so forth, which is obvious from the text and can be understood. Third, from 'For the sake of seeking...' onward, the general conclusion on the completion of the practice: first concluding the purpose, and second, from 'This is called...' onward, properly concluding the completion of the practice. However, in the first stage, all three kinds of giving should be present; speaking from the aspect of what is predominant, it mentions only material giving. Therefore, the *Prajñā-śāstra* says that only in the second and third stages does one practice [the giving of] fearlessness, and only from the fourth stage onward does one practice the gift of Dharma (dharma-dāna).