大方廣佛華嚴經疏 54.15

54.15

二器世間圓滿，中有三：一國城。此云聞者，《西域記》云「昔有古老仙人住於此處，後有少仙名為聞者，於彼稟學。老仙沒後，少仙於此建立城郭，故取其名。亦云聞物，以此城多出聰敏博達名聞人物故，即中印度境。」二「逝多」下明林園。逝多者梵音，華言戰勝，即太子之名。給孤獨者，梵云須達多，正言賑濟無依，義云給孤獨也，即長者之稱。長者仁而聰敏、積而能散，拯乏濟貧、哀孤恤老，時美其德，故立斯稱。長者側金買地，太子施樹，同成功業。二人式崇，共立伽藍之號。三明重閣，即說法之所，表所證法界。體無不周曰大，德無不備曰嚴，依體起用為重閣。

Second is the fulfillment of the world as a receptacle, within which there are three [aspects]: First, the city and country. Here [Śrāvastī] is translated as 'Hearer' (*Wenzhe*). The *Record of the Western Regions* (*Xiyu ji*) says: 'In ancient times there was an elder ṛṣi who dwelt in this place. Later there was a young ṛṣi named Hearer who studied under him. After the elder ṛṣi died, the young ṛṣi built a walled city here; hence it took his name. It is also called 'Renowned Things' (*Wenwu*), because this city produced many people of famous reputation who were clever, acute, erudite, and penetrating. It is within the borders of Central India.' Second, from 'Jeta' onwards clarifies the grove and park. Jeta is a Sanskrit sound; the Chinese translates it as 'Conqueror in Battle'; it is the name of the Crown Prince. 'Anāthapiṇḍada' is in Sanskrit Sudatta; the correct meaning is 'one who relieves the destitute'; as for the sense, it means 'one who gives to the destitute and solitary' (Anāthapiṇḍada), which is the title of the elder. The elder was benevolent and clever, accumulated wealth and was able to disperse it, rescuing the destitute and relieving the poor, pitying the orphaned and taking care of the aged; the people of that time praised his virtues, and therefore established this title. The elder laid gold sideways to buy the ground, and the Prince offered the trees; together they accomplished the meritorious deed. Both men were venerated as models, and together they established the name of the saṅghārāma. Third, clarifying the multi-storied pavilion: this is the place of preaching the Dharma, expressing the dharmadhātu that is realized. Its essence, being nowhere unpervading, is called 'great'; its virtues, being nowhere incomplete, are called 'adorned'; arising functions based upon essence constitutes the 'multi-storied pavilion.'