大方廣佛華嚴經隨疏演義鈔 20.36

20.36

Third, the Third Dhyāna. Regarding the Commentary's statement, "As for the words 'light and shadow', there are briefly two": Xianshou had yet another meaning, which is not preserved here; hence it says "briefly." His explanation states: "For example, when a bright and clean object catches the sunlight, a light and shadow appears upon the house wall. The Tathāgata's manifesting a body in response to capacities is also like this. However, it has multiple meanings: 1. The meaning of aggregation of conditions, meaning that great wisdom is pure and clear, and the sun of compassion and vows shines, manifesting the Buddha's shadow within the dark chamber of sentient beings. 2. The meaning of swiftness, because there is nowhere distant it does not reach. 3. The meaning of unobstructedness, because it cannot be grasped or held. 4. The meaning of efficacious function, because it can destroy darkness. 5. The meaning of non-arising, because it has no existence. This is explained at length as in the 'Chapter on the Ten Kṣāntis'." This interpretation seems somewhat forced, so it was abridged and not preserved. As for the two shadows clarified now in the Commentary: the Mahāyānasaṃgraha briefly presents three shadows: 1. the shadow reflecting the physical substance, 2. the shadow of the moon in water, and 3. the shadow in a mirror, as detailed in the 'Chapter on the Ten Kṣāntis'. Here it refers to the first two. Now speaking of "light and shadow," the mirror image is omitted, leaving precisely the first meaning. The sun serves as an analogy for the Tathāgata's body, while trees and other physical substances serve as an analogy for sentient beings. The sun has no differing essence, but physical substances have myriad variations. When a tree leans, its shadow is slanted; when a shape is upright, its shadow is straight. The shadow does not appear inside the sun, but only beside the physical substance. The playing of shadows takes many forms, varying in myriad ways according to the mind. Second is the shadow of the moon in water; because the moon has light, it is also called light and shadow. "The shadow mostly resembles the moon" because it follows the moon's fullness and waning. "It slightly resembles the water" because it conforms to movement and stillness.