新華嚴經論 11.29

11.29

第五夜叉王，明無盡功德藏迴向，主禪波羅蜜。以禪定守護一切眾生心，令心不妄，得大功德藏故。夜叉者，此云苦活、或名伺察，明以禪門守護伺察一切眾生苦活心不妄。如〈法界品〉云「常勤守護眾生諸夜叉王」。餘十王是禪波羅蜜中十波羅蜜，以名下義隨位配之。又毘沙門夜叉，因主所管，得名毘沙門天王，領夜叉眾，在須彌山北面。

Fifth, the Yakṣa Kings clarify the Dedication of the Inexhaustible Treasury of Merit, presiding over the dhyāna-pāramitā. Because with meditative concentration they protect the minds of all sentient beings, causing their minds not to be erroneous and to attain the great treasury of merit. Yakṣa is translated here as "miserable livelihood", or named "investigator and watcher", clarifying that through the dhyāna gate they protect, investigate, and watch over all sentient beings so that their minds of miserable livelihood are not erroneous. As the "Chapter on the Dharmadhātu" says: "The yakṣa kings who constantly and diligently protect sentient beings." The other ten kings are the ten pāramitās within the dhyāna-pāramitā, matched according to the meanings under their names following the stages. Furthermore, the yakṣa Vaiśravaṇa, through the jurisdiction he presides over, attains the name Heavenly King Vaiśravaṇa, leading the host of yakṣas on the northern face of Mount Sumeru.