新華嚴經論 18.9

18.9

As for the eighteen unshared [qualities]: first, the Buddha is without fault in body; second, without fault in speech; third, without fault in mindfulness; fourth, without fault in perception; fifth, his mind is never uncollected and is constantly in samādhi; sixth, he has no equanimity without full knowledge; seventh, no decrease in aspiration; eighth, no decrease in vigor; ninth, no decrease in mindfulness; tenth, no decrease in wisdom; eleventh, no decrease in liberation; twelfth, no decrease in the knowledge and vision of liberation; thirteenth, all bodily activities accord with wisdom; fourteenth, all verbal activities accord with wisdom; fifteenth, all mental activities accord with wisdom; sixteenth, wisdom knows past matters without obstruction; seventeenth, wisdom knows future matters without obstruction; eighteenth, wisdom knows present matters without obstruction. That which is called "without fault" means being in accord with the wondrously wholesome. That which is called "without decrease" means that the wholesome qualities performed are never forgotten or lost. As for "the wisdom of all-knowledge," it means the various inexhaustible wisdoms; this clarifies that discriminating wisdom is inexhaustible. In the section on protection, there are two meanings: first, clarifying that the bodhisattva who has newly generated the mind [for awakening] protects the Dharma-treasury of all buddhas and can expound it for others; second, attaining the protection of the heavenly kings, yakṣa kings, the Tathāgata, the Dharma King, and so forth. In the section where he repeats the request in verse, there are twenty-two lines of verse. The first two lines of verse praise the master who can expound the Dharma. For the subsequent twenty lines of verse, two lines make one stanza. The first two lines praise the wisdom, merit, and transcendent benefits attained by the bodhisattva who has newly generated the mind. The next two lines of verse urge the exposition of the practices for progression. The next two lines of verse clarify great wisdom delivering sentient beings without attachment. The next two lines of verse clarify the lack of deficiency in the various practices, benefiting beings and preventing the lineage of the buddhas from being cut off. The next two lines of verse clarify the accomplishment of firm efficacy, the supreme Dharma of renunciation, repeating the request for its exposition. The next two lines of verse clarify the path of destroying darkness and subduing māras, also requesting its exposition. The next two lines of verse clarify the Dharma attained by the Tathāgata, also urging its exposition. The next two lines of verse clarify how to expound the Tathāgata's Dharma. The final two lines of verse clarify how to cause the initial mind to be fearless like a lion and unattached like a lotus. In the second section, on assenting to expound, the person capable of questioning praised by the Bodhisattva Dharmamati may be understood from the text. In the third section, the exposition of the Dharma proper, it is again divided into two parts: first, outlining the general meaning of the sūtra; second, explaining the meaning following the text. First, outlining the general meaning of the sūtra: from "Disciples of the Buddha! When a bodhisattva has generated the mind of all-knowledge…" onward down to the end of the chapter, it is outlined into twenty sections. First, from the opening "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "abiding in non-negligence," there are ten lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on the ten abodes and the ten teachings of non-negligence. Second, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "ten kinds of purity," there are ten and a half lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on abiding in non-negligence and attaining the ten pure teachings. Third, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "able to cause all Tathāgatas to rejoice," there are eleven and a half lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on practicing the ten teachings and the buddhas rejoicing. Fourth, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "the buddhas rejoice," there are six lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on abiding securely in the ten teachings. Fifth, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "causing all bodhisattvas to swiftly enter the grounds," there are eight lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on practicing these ten teachings and swiftly entering the grounds. Sixth, from "Furthermore, disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "and adorning oneself, enters the bodhisattva grounds," there are ten lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on entering the grounds and progressing. Seventh, from "Disciples of the Buddha! There are ten teachings…" onward down to "the practices undertaken are pure," there are eight lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on pure practice. Eighth, from "When a bodhisattva has attained purity of practice…" onward down to "the ten increasingly superior teachings," there are eight lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on progression and continuous increase. Ninth, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "these are the bodhisattva's ten pure vows," there are seven lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on great vows becoming practice and benefiting beings. Tenth, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "protecting the unsurpassed teachings," there are seven lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on practicing the ten teachings and bringing great vows to fulfillment. Eleventh, from "Disciples of the Buddha! When a bodhisattva has fulfilled such vows…" onward down to "expounding the Dharma in accordance with what is appropriate," there are eight lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on the ten inexhaustible treasuries. Twelfth, from "Namely, knowing what they do…" onward down to "fully adorned with the path of the pāramitās," there are sixteen lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on the bodhisattva knowing faculties and benefiting [beings]. Thirteenth, from "At this time…" onward down to "causing the lineage of the Three Jewels never to be cut off," there are fifty-two and a half lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on practicing the ten pāramitās, benefiting sentient beings, and the various antidotes. Fourteenth, from "Why is this?" onward down to "endowed with ten kinds of adornment in thought-moment after thought-moment," there are approximately eighteen lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on causing the lineage of the Three Jewels not to be cut off. Fifteenth, from "What are the ten?" onward down to "delivering immeasurable and boundless sentient beings," there are thirty lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on using the ten kinds of adornment to cause those who see to generate the mind without in vain. Sixteenth, from "Disciples of the Buddha!" onward down to "such powers of mastery," there are twenty-three lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on the bodhisattva, at initial aspiration, attaining teachings equal to those of the Buddha and being qualified to be a great Dharma master. Seventeenth, from "Even if there were a vast bodhimaṇḍa of ineffable worlds…" onward down to "and because of protecting and maintaining the Dharma," there are thirteen and a half lines of the sūtra; this clarifies the section on being fearless in the assembly, preaching the Dharma with mastery, and having a body that is unobscured. Eighteenth, from "At that time" onward, there is approximately one line of the sūtra; this clarifies the section where Dharmamati praises the Dharma in verse. Nineteenth, in this praise of the Dharma in verse, there are twenty lines of verse, two lines making one stanza; its meaning is fully contained as in the text, and it suffices to praise it following the text. Twentieth, the very last line of the sūtra clarifies the section where the great assembly, having heard the Dharma, rejoices and puts it into practice.