觀無量壽佛經義疏 3.176

3.176

「『若有眾生受持五戒、持八戒齋、修行諸戒，不造五逆、無眾過患。』」五八，在家二眾戒。諸戒，即包十具出家五眾戒。五戒者，一不殺、二不盜、三不邪婬、四不妄語、五不飲酒。八戒加三，六不著花鬘纓絡香油塗身、七不坐高床及不歌舞倡伎、八不過中食。婬斷邪正，名加淨行。齊一其心，故名八齊。禁閉諸根，亦名八關。廣如律中。然此四戒，或道或俗各持、或出家兼具。既持淨戒，必離眾過。五逆，過中之大，故特標之。二、示願求。

"‘If there are sentient beings who receive and uphold the five precepts, uphold the eight abstinences, cultivate the various precepts, do not commit the five heinous sins, and have no various faults and afflictions,’" The five and eight are the precepts for the two lay assemblies. "Various precepts" encompasses the ten precepts and the full precepts of the five renunciant assemblies. The five precepts are: first, not killing; second, not stealing; third, not engaging in sexual misconduct; fourth, not lying; fifth, not drinking alcohol. The eight precepts add three: sixth, not adorning the body with flower garlands, necklaces, or fragrant oils; seventh, not sitting on high beds and not watching singing, dancing, or theatrical performances; eighth, not eating after midday. Severing all sexuality, whether deviant or proper, is called adding pure conduct. Because it makes the mind uniform and equal, it is called the eight equalities (zhai). Because it confines and closes the various sense faculties, it is also called the eight barriers. It is explained extensively as in the Vinaya. Yet these four kinds of precepts are upheld respectively by monastics or householders, or possessed fully together by renunciants. Since one upholds the pure precepts, one must be free from various faults. The five heinous sins are the greatest among faults, hence they are specifically highlighted. Second, showing the aspiration.