觀無量壽佛經義疏 3.230

3.230

「佛告阿難及韋提希：『下品下生者，』」標中，上中兩輩止於上品標佛告等；獨下三品一一別標者，以作惡往生反常駭眾，易惑難信，故頻標示，意令聽受。二、釋，四：初、造惡因；二、遇緣；三、得生；四、生後益。初、造惡因，二：初、敘現業；二、示來報。初、敘現業。

"The Buddha addressed Ānanda and Vaidehī: ‘As for those of the lower grade of the lower birth:’" In the identification, for both the upper and middle tiers, [the text] merely states "The Buddha addressed..." at their upper grades; here only for the three lower grades is each individually identified because an evil-doer achieving rebirth goes against normal expectations and shocks the masses, being easy to doubt and hard to believe. Therefore, it is repeatedly identified and shown, with the intention of leading them to listen and accept it. Second, the explanation, which has four parts: first, committing evil causes; second, encountering conditions; third, attaining rebirth; fourth, benefits after rebirth. First, committing evil causes has two parts: first, recounting present karma; second, showing future retribution. First, recounting present karma.