觀無量壽佛經義疏 3.184

3.184

"‘He immediately attains the path of an arhat, with the three knowledges, six supernatural powers, and endowed with the eight liberations.’" A- translates as "non-", and -rahat is "birth". Because the fetters and delusions are already exhausted and he does not receive future existence, he is said to have "non-birth". He is also called "worthy of offerings" and "slayer of the foe", as explained elsewhere. The three knowledges are: the knowledge of past lives regarding the past, the knowledge of the exhaustion of outflows regarding the present, and the divine eye knowledge regarding the future; because all three are completely penetrating, they alone obtain the title "knowledge". The six supernatural powers are: first, the divine eye; second, the divine ear; third, knowing other minds; fourth, past lives; fifth, psychic power; sixth, exhaustion of outflows; because all six are without obstruction, they are collectively called supernatural powers. The eight liberations are also called the eight relinquishments: 1. Having the perception of internal form, contemplating external forms (not destroying the internal skeleton of the body while contemplating the impurity of external forms; this stage is in the first dhyāna). 2. Having no internal perception of form, contemplating external forms (destroying the internal skeleton, contemplating external impurity, attaining entry into the second dhyāna). 3. Direct bodily realization of the relinquishment regarding the pure (removing external impurity, the concentrated mind is pure and clean, called "regarding the pure"; experiencing the bliss of the third dhyāna with an unattached mind is called "bodily realization"). 4. Relinquishment of the base of boundless space (destroying the form and mind of the fourth dhyāna, focusing on boundless space to enter absorption, knowing impermanence, suffering, and emptiness, with the mind repelled and turning away). 5. Relinquishment of the base of boundless consciousness (abandoning space, focusing on consciousness to enter absorption, knowing impermanence, producing repulsion and turning away). 6. Relinquishment of the base of nothingness (abandoning consciousness, focusing on nothingness to enter absorption, knowing impermanence, producing repulsion and turning away). 7. Relinquishment of the base of neither-perception-nor-non-perception (abandoning nothingness, focusing on neither-perception-nor-non-perception to enter absorption, knowing impermanence, producing repulsion and turning away). 8. Relinquishment of the cessation of feeling and perception (turning away and destroying feeling, abandoning all mental dharmas, entering absorption to rest, called "relinquishment"). The rest is as in the Fajie cidi. Third, concluding.