阿彌陀經疏 1.89

1.89

經曰：「舍利弗、摩訶目犍連」，次釋此二人，本為外道情同莫逆俱時悟道，所以合列。《增一阿含》云：富樓那問舍利弗言：「仁者！諸人稱仁者何等號？」答曰：「我父名優婆提舍，我母名舍利弗，從母稱名舍利弗。」《大論》云：其母目如舍利鳥目。《佛華嚴入如來智德不思議經》云：舍利此云鸜鵒，弗多羅此云子。故《涅槃經》云：如舍利弗因母立名名舍利弗，良以女儀端齊賢才冠世，清揚之目眸子圓明，母擅令名，子承嘉號。又《羅云忍辱經》名鶖鷺子。又《中本起經》云：舍利弗者，本名優波替。佛言：「汝與目連者同時發願，我成道為佛左右弟子，今既遂心。優波替者，高世之號華而不實，復汝本願還字為舍利弗；拘律陀亦復如是，汝自本目連。」《婆沙論》云；舍利翻為身、弗之言子，名為身子。然優波提舍亦名優婆替舍，《大論》此翻為彗星，謂身子父名優波此言彗，提舍此言星，故言彗星，舍利弗若逐父名，應名優婆提舍。摩訶言大。《文殊問經》云：大目犍連此云蘿茯根，其父好噉，因物為名。若《涅槃經》云：目犍連是姓，與《過去因果經》同，此云讚誦，字拘律陀，因接拘律陀樹而生。故真諦云：應名勿伽羅，此云愛胡豆，愛胡豆即菉豆也，上古有仙人唯食此豆，是彼仙種因姓為名。

The sūtra says: “Śāriputra, Mahāmaudgalyāyana.” Next this explains these two persons. Originally they were non-Buddhists whose affection was like intimate friendship, and they awakened to the path at the same time; therefore they are listed together. The Ekottarikāgama states: “Pūrṇa asked Śāriputra: ‘Benevolent one! What title do people call you by?’ He replied: ‘My father was named Upatiṣya, and my mother was named Śārikā; taking my name after my mother, I am called Śāriputra’.” The Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa states: “His mother's eyes were like the eyes of a śāri bird.” The Buddha-avataṃsaka-tathāgatājñāna-guṇābhisamaya-parivarta Sūtra states: “Śāri translates here as ‘myna bird,’ and putra translates here as ‘son’.” Hence the Nirvāṇa Sūtra says: “As Śāriputra was given his name based on his mother, he is called Śāriputra.” Truly, because the woman's demeanor was dignified and her virtuous talent surpassed the world, her clear and bright eyes had round and luminous pupils; the mother possessed an excellent reputation, and the son inherited this auspicious designation. Furthermore, the Luoyun renru jing calls him Qiuluzi (Son of the Heron). Furthermore, the Zhong benqi jing says: “Śāriputra's original name was Upatiṣya. The Buddha said: ‘You and Maudgalyāyana made vows at the same time to become the left and right disciples when I attained buddhahood; now your wishes have been fulfilled. ‘Upatiṣya’ is a high worldly designation that is showy without reality; return to your original vow and resume the appellation Śāriputra; Kolita shall also be likewise, and you shall naturally be Maudgalyāyana’.” The Mahāvibhāṣā states: “Śāri translates as ‘body,’ and putra means ‘child’; hence he is called Shenzi (Son of the Body).” However, Upadeśa is also named Upatiṣya; the Mahāprajñāpāramitopadeśa translates this as ‘comet,’ meaning that Shenzi's father was named Upa, which here means ‘broom’ (comet), and tiṣya, which here means ‘star’; hence it is called ‘comet’; if Śāriputra followed his father's name, he should be called Upatiṣya. ‘Mahā’ means great. The Mañjuśrīparipṛcchā Sūtra states: “Mahāmaudgalyāyana translates here as ‘radish root’; his father was fond of eating them, so he took his name after an object.” As for the Nirvāṇa Sūtra, it says that Maudgalyāyana was his clan name, agreeing with the Guoqu yinguo jing; here it is translated as ‘praise and chant,’ his personal name being Kolita, because he was born through resorting to a kolita tree. Therefore Paramārtha says: “He should be named Mudgala, which here translates as ‘fond of mung beans’; ‘loving barbarians' beans’ means mung beans; in high antiquity there was an ascetic who ate only these beans, and being of the lineage of that ascetic, he took his clan as his name.”