大般涅槃經義記 1.122

1.122

下第十二明諸大眾覩相悲惱，於中有四：一覩相驚恐，「見光入口皆大恐怖」，內心驚也。「身毛皆竪」，形不安也。二「復作言」下，辨光入意。三「何期」已下，發言傷歎。所傷有四：一傷己苦，現今悲惱，當墜生死，是其苦也。無慮卒至，故曰何期。哉是助詞，怨嗟之甚，重言以歎。二「一旦」下傷不受供，昔行四等饒益世間，今廢名捨。「四無量心」，如下具論。不受供養，是捨離相。三「聖慧永滅」，傷失明師，聖慧除闇，如日如月，故從喻名。四「法船沈沒」，傷法早滅，法能汎濟，從喻名船，此第三竟。四「嗚呼」下，悲怨懊惱，悲怨過增，流血灑地。此序分訖。

Below is the twelfth, explaining that the assemblies, beholding the sign, were grieved and distressed. Within this there are four parts: First, beholding the sign, they were alarmed and terrified: "Seeing the light enter the mouth, they were all greatly terrified" refers to inner alarm. "Their body hairs stood on end" refers to physical unease. Second, from "They further said" onward, it explains the intention behind the light's entry. Third, from "Who could have expected!" onward, they uttered words of grief and lamentation. What they grieved over has four aspects: First, they grieved over their own suffering: being presently grieved and distressed, and destined to fall into saṃsāra—this was their suffering. Arriving suddenly without expectation, it is therefore said, "Who could have expected!" Zai is a particle expressing extreme lamentation, repeating words to sigh. Second, from "All at once" onward, they grieved over the non-acceptance of the offerings: formerly practicing the four immeasurables to benefit the world, now abandoning them is called renunciation. The "four immeasurable minds" will be fully discussed below. Not accepting the offerings is the mark of abandonment. Third, "Holy wisdom will be extinguished forever": they grieved over the loss of their clear teacher; holy wisdom dispels darkness like the sun and moon, hence it is named after the metaphor. Fourth, "The ship of Dharma sinks": they grieved over the early extinction of the Dharma; the Dharma can ferry across, so it is named "ship" after the metaphor. This concludes the third. Fourth, from "Alas!" onward, their grief, resentment, and anguish increased so exceedingly that blood flowed and sprinkled the ground. This concludes the introductory section.