大般涅槃經義記 5.48

5.48

第五番中，「苦有三相」總以標舉，下列其名。此之三苦，解有四義：一對緣分別，緣別內、外，內心涉求名之為內，自餘名外。外有違、順，刀杖等違；己身、命、財、親戚之類說以為順。外中違緣能生內惱，故名為苦。從斯苦緣生於苦心，從苦生苦，故名為外。外中順緣在能生樂，壞能生苦，緣壞致惱故名為苦。內心涉求因之為行，厭行生惱名為行苦。

In the fifth section, "suffering has three marks" is a general introduction, and below their names are listed. Regarding these three sufferings, there are four meanings in the explanation: first, distinguished with respect to conditions. Conditions are distinguished into internal and external: the internal mind's involvement and seeking is called internal; the rest is called external. The external includes adverse and favorable: swords, sticks, and the like are adverse; one's own body, life, wealth, relatives, and the like are described as favorable. Adverse conditions among external ones can produce internal affliction, hence they are called suffering. From these painful conditions, a painful state of mind is produced; suffering is produced from suffering, hence it is called external. Favorable conditions among external ones produce pleasure when present, but produce suffering when destroyed; because the destruction of conditions causes affliction, they are called suffering. The internal mind's involvement and seeking acts as conditioning factor, which is activity; revulsion toward activity produces affliction, which is called the suffering of conditioned existence.