大般涅槃經義記 6.402

6.402

第二番中，先明不聞，「所謂一切外道經書」總以標舉，次別舉之。「四毘陀」等是其別也，外國有其四大論師：一婆耶婆造《四毘陀論》，亦名違陀，本是一名，傳之音異，此翻名智，能生智故。一億力毘陀，明其事大懺悔之法；二耶受毘陀，明其布施祠祀之法；三阿他毘陀，又亦名為阿闥婆毘陀，本是一名，傳之音異，明其一切鬪戰之法；四三摩毘陀，明知異國鬪諍之法，知此生智故名知論。第二論師名婆尼尼，造《毘伽羅論》，此名記論，辨明一切音聲、名字、章句等法。第三論師名迦毘羅，是黃頭仙，造《僧佉經》，此名五頂，明從冥性生於二十五諦之義，如下文說。第四論師名優樓佉，是青目仙，造《衛世師經》，此名最勝，明六諦義，主諦、依諦、總諦、別諦、作諦、無障諦是其六也。此等諸論今具列之。「一切呪」等通舉餘法。下總結之，「如是等經初未曾聞，今於此經而得聞知」。

In the second cycle, it first clarifies what was not heard: "namely, all non-Buddhist scriptures" provides a general heading, and next it brings them forth individually. "The four Vedas," etc., are the individual items. In foreign lands there are four great treatise masters: First, Vyāsa, who composed the *Catūrveda-śāstra*, also called *Veda*; originally this was one name, but its phonetic transmission varied. Here it is translated as "knowledge," because it can generate knowledge. First is the *Ṛgveda*, which explains the method of great repentance through its rituals. Second is the *Yajurveda*, which explains the method of making offerings and sacrifices. Third is the *Atharvaveda*, also called the *Atharvaṇa-veda*; originally this was one name, but its phonetic transmission varied; it explains all methods of combat. Fourth is the *Sāmaveda*, which explains the methods of knowing the conflicts of foreign countries; knowing these generates knowledge, and therefore it is called the treatise of knowledge. The second treatise master is named Pāṇini, who composed the *Vyākaraṇa-śāstra*; here it is called the treatise of grammar, distinguishing and clarifying all sounds, names, sentences, phrases, and such dharmas. The third treatise master is named Kapila, who is the Yellow-Headed Ṛṣi, who composed the *Sāṃkhya-sūtra*; here it is called the "Five Crests," explaining the meaning of the twenty-five principles being produced from primordial nature, as explained in the text below. The fourth treatise master is named Ulūka, who is the Blue-Eyed Ṛṣi, who composed the *Vaiśeṣika-sūtra*; here it is called "Most Excellent," explaining the meaning of the six principles: the principle of substance, the principle of quality, the principle of generality, the principle of particularity, the principle of activity, and the principle of non-hindrance are the six. These treatises are now fully listed. "All mantras," etc., broadly brings forth the remaining dharmas. Below, it generally concludes: "Such scriptures as these were never heard before, but are now heard and known in this sūtra."