大般涅槃經義記 8.7

8.7

次以喻顯，「欲界眾生一切皆有初地味」者，此名初禪以為初地。禪有三種：一者淨禪，所謂上界有漏淨心。二無漏禪，諦理之靜。三者味禪，分別有三：一就通以論，初禪地中一切煩惱通名味禪，味著境界故名為味，禪地法故，說之為禪；二偏就愛說，愛心著境與定相似，說為味禪；三正論體，為上界中煩惱心邊相應定數是味禪體，故《雜心云》「味為愛相應，味禪如是。」此之味禪，欲界眾生皆具有之，一切染法味斷已來，在下其必成就上故。

Next, it is illustrated with a simile: "sentient beings of the desire realm all possess the relish of the first ground" refers to the first dhyāna as the first ground. Dhyānas are of three kinds: first, pure dhyāna, which refers to the pure mind with outflows of the higher realms; second, undefiled dhyāna, the stillness of the principle of the truths; third, relish dhyāna, which has three distinctions: first, discussing it generally, all afflictions within the ground of the first dhyāna are generally named relish dhyāna—because one relishes and clings to the sphere of objects, it is called relish; because it is a dharma of the dhyāna ground, it is called dhyāna; second, speaking specifically of craving, the mind of craving clinging to objects resembles concentration, so it is spoken of as relish dhyāna; third, correctly discussing its entity, the factor of concentration associated with the afflicted mind in the higher realms is the entity of relish dhyāna; hence the *Saṃyuktābhidharmahṛdaya* says: "Relish is associated with craving; relish dhyāna is like this." Sentient beings of the desire realm all fully possess this relish dhyāna, for as long as relish of all defiled dharmas has not yet been severed, while below, one necessarily possesses what is above.