大般涅槃經義記 8.7

8.7

Next, it is illustrated with a simile: "sentient beings of the desire realm all possess the relish of the first ground" refers to the first dhyāna as the first ground. Dhyānas are of three kinds: first, pure dhyāna, which refers to the pure mind with outflows of the higher realms; second, undefiled dhyāna, the stillness of the principle of the truths; third, relish dhyāna, which has three distinctions: first, discussing it generally, all afflictions within the ground of the first dhyāna are generally named relish dhyāna—because one relishes and clings to the sphere of objects, it is called relish; because it is a dharma of the dhyāna ground, it is called dhyāna; second, speaking specifically of craving, the mind of craving clinging to objects resembles concentration, so it is spoken of as relish dhyāna; third, correctly discussing its entity, the factor of concentration associated with the afflicted mind in the higher realms is the entity of relish dhyāna; hence the *Saṃyuktābhidharmahṛdaya* says: "Relish is associated with craving; relish dhyāna is like this." Sentient beings of the desire realm all fully possess this relish dhyāna, for as long as relish of all defiled dharmas has not yet been severed, while below, one necessarily possesses what is above.