大般涅槃經疏 13.13

13.13

「爾時迦葉白佛」下，第四章，答云何說畢竟及與不畢竟問。一番問答。答中具騰上意，無餘即是究竟義，云何復名一切義乎即不究竟？佛還酬兩問。唯除助道是無餘義，酬其畢竟問。其餘諸法通餘無餘，酬其復名一切義乎不畢竟義。唯除助道常樂善法者，河西云：助道是因，常樂是果。修萬行因得萬德果，此則無餘。為利根人作真實說，無法不盡故云一切，亦皆無餘；其餘諸法悉是有餘。就有餘中亦有無餘，如為聲聞說四諦，為緣覺說十二緣，稱器取之，故言無餘。興皇云：助道語通，不的是因。今以常為果、善法為因，此果此因並是助道，為緣斥倒。非因非果乃是正道，名無餘義。

From "At that time Kāśyapa addressed the Buddha" onward is the fourth chapter, which answers the question, "Why speak of ultimate and non-ultimate?" This is a single round of question and answer. In the answer, it fully conveys the preceding intention: "without remainder" is the ultimate meaning; how could it further be called "all meaning" and thus not be ultimate? The Buddha answers both questions in return: only excluding the aids to the path is the meaning of "without remainder," which answers his question on the ultimate; all other dharmas apply to both with remainder and without remainder, which answers his non-ultimate meaning of "further being called all meaning." As for "only excluding the aids to the path, the wholesome dharmas of permanence and bliss," Héxī states: The aids to the path are the cause, and permanence and bliss are the fruit. Cultivating the cause of ten thousand practices obtains the fruit of ten thousand virtues, which is "without remainder." When speaking the truth for those of sharp faculties, no dharma is unexhausted, hence it is called "all," which is also entirely "without remainder"; all other dharmas are entirely "with remainder." Even within "with remainder" there is also "without remainder": such as preaching the four truths for the śrāvakas and preaching the twelve links of dependent origination for the pratyekabuddhas, adapted to their capacity, hence it is said to be "without remainder." Xīnghuáng states: The phrasing "aids to the path" is general and does not specifically mean the cause. Now, taking permanence as the fruit and wholesome dharmas as the cause, both this fruit and this cause are aids to the path, which refute inversions for conditions. That which is neither cause nor fruit is precisely the true path, called the meaning of "without remainder."