大般涅槃經疏 25.5

25.5

From "At that time, Siṃhanāda..." below is the second part with four rounds of questions and answers, clarifying the practice that enables seeing. In the first round, there is first a question, then an answer. The question also has two parts: first questioning with reference to the Saṅgha jewel, then raising an objection based on the Buddha's words. The first passage is a question about the people of the four reliances: the mind is the internal root, and conduct is the external trace. As for "the first two kinds," because the first two may be confused with the latter two, they are unknowable. From "As the Buddha has spoken..." below is the second part, directly raising the objection concerning the Buddha. Leaving aside the Saṅgha jewel which is already hard to know, how much more so the Tathāgata? Merely seeing the physical body and hearing the preaching of Dharma, how can one know this is the Tathāgata based on these two matters? The Buddha's answer also has two parts: first answering concerning the Saṅgha, then answering concerning the Buddha. The first answer concerning the Saṅgha has three parts: first, repeating the question. From "Because they are hard to know..." below, next knowing through four conditions. From "Being endowed with four matters..." below, third, concluding and establishing, which can be understood. From "Morality is of two kinds..." below is the second part answering the question concerning the Buddha. There are also six rounds: the first round, is upholding morality ultimate or non-ultimate? From "Furthermore, there are two kinds..." below is the second round, is it for gain or not for gain? The latter four rounds are all as in the text, and can be traced.