注維摩詰經 4.130

4.130

什曰：一惠施。惠施有二種，施下人以財，施上人以法施。二愛語。愛語復有二種，於下人則以煖言將悅，於上人則以法語慰諭，皆以愛心作愛語也。三利行。利行亦有二種，下人則為設方便令得俗利，上人則為作方便令得法利。四同事。同事亦有二種，同惡人則誘以善法，同善人則令增善根。隨類而入，事與彼同，故名同事也。肇曰：方便起乎弘化，四攝生乎來眾焉。

[Kumāra]jīva says: First is generous giving. Generous giving has two kinds: giving wealth to inferior persons, and giving the Dharma to superior persons. Second is kind speech. Kind speech also has two kinds: to inferior persons, comforting them with warm words; to superior persons, consoling them with Dharma words—both using a loving mind to produce kind speech. Third is beneficial action. Beneficial action also has two kinds: for inferior persons, providing upāya so they obtain mundane benefits; for superior persons, providing upāya so they obtain Dharma benefits. Fourth is joint work. Joint work also has two kinds: joining evil persons to entice them with wholesome dharmas; joining good persons to cause their wholesome roots to increase. Adapting to their kind and entering, one's activities are the same as theirs; hence it is called joint work. [Seng]zhao says: Upāya arises from broadly transforming, and the four means of embrace spring from drawing in the multitude.