注維摩詰經 4.130

4.130

[Kumāra]jīva says: First is generous giving. Generous giving has two kinds: giving wealth to inferior persons, and giving the Dharma to superior persons. Second is kind speech. Kind speech also has two kinds: to inferior persons, comforting them with warm words; to superior persons, consoling them with Dharma words—both using a loving mind to produce kind speech. Third is beneficial action. Beneficial action also has two kinds: for inferior persons, providing upāya so they obtain mundane benefits; for superior persons, providing upāya so they obtain Dharma benefits. Fourth is joint work. Joint work also has two kinds: joining evil persons to entice them with wholesome dharmas; joining good persons to cause their wholesome roots to increase. Adapting to their kind and entering, one's activities are the same as theirs; hence it is called joint work. [Seng]zhao says: Upāya arises from broadly transforming, and the four means of embrace spring from drawing in the multitude.