維摩義記 3.79

3.79

問曰：諸法有一二三乃至眾多，翻彼說理，理應不一不二不三乃至眾多，以何義故偏言不二？釋言：不一乃至不多，經有說處。故《涅槃》云「除一法相，不可算數。」但今且就一不二門而辨道理，餘略不論。良以二者彼此通謂，是故偏對而說不二。又復二者別法之始，今此為明理體無別，故偏對二而說不二。雖說不二，不一不三乃至眾多悉入其中。是義云何？若立一相，以一對多，即是其二；翻對彼二，故名不二。若立多相，以多對少，還即是二；翻對彼二，故名不二。又立多相，於多法中兩兩相對，亦即是二；翻對彼二，故名不二。以是義故，遣一遣多悉入不二。多少既然，遣染遣淨、遣縛遣解、遣有遣無，類皆同爾。若立有相，以有對無，即是其二；翻對彼二，名為不二。若立無相，以無對有，還是其二；翻對彼二，名為不二。若當定立非有無相，以非有無對有對無，即復是二：翻對彼二，名為不二。乃至建立不二門相，不二對二，還復是二；翻對彼二，名為不二。是故不二，有相皆遣、有理悉收，故偏名之。

Question: Dharmas have one, two, three, up to many; overturning them to explain the principle, the principle ought to be neither one, nor two, nor three, up to [not] many. For what reason is it specifically called "non-duality"? Explanation: "Not one" up to "not many" are spoken of in places in the sūtras. Thus the Nirvāṇa [Sūtra] says: "Apart from the mark of a single dharma, it cannot be calculated." But now we merely clarify the principle in terms of the single gate of non-duality, and the rest are omitted from discussion. Truly, because "two" is the common designation for "this" and "that," non-duality is spoken of specifically in opposition [to it]. Furthermore, "two" is the beginning of distinct dharmas; now, to clarify that the essential nature of the principle is without distinction, non-duality is spoken of specifically in opposition to "two." Although non-duality is spoken of, not one, not three, up to not many are all included within it. What does this mean? If one establishes the characteristic of one, contrasting one with many is precisely two; overturning and opposing those two is therefore named non-duality. If one establishes the characteristic of many, contrasting many with few is again precisely two; overturning and opposing those two is therefore named non-duality. Furthermore, if one establishes the characteristic of many, opposing them in pairs among the many dharmas is also precisely two; overturning and opposing those two is therefore named non-duality. For this reason, dispelling one and dispelling many are all included in non-duality. If many and few are like this, dispelling defilement and dispelling purity, dispelling bondage and dispelling liberation, dispelling existence and dispelling non-existence are all similar to this. If one establishes the characteristic of existence, contrasting existence with non-existence is precisely two; overturning and opposing those two is named non-duality. If one establishes the characteristic of non-existence, contrasting non-existence with existence is still two; overturning and opposing those two is named non-duality. If one definitively establishes the characteristic of neither existence nor non-existence, contrasting neither existence nor non-existence with existence and non-existence is again two; overturning and opposing those two is named non-duality. Up to establishing the characteristic of the gate of non-duality, non-duality contrasting with duality is again two; overturning and opposing those two is named non-duality. Therefore, in non-duality, all that have characteristics are dispelled, and all that have principle are gathered; hence it is specifically named this.