維摩經玄疏 2.159

2.159

八、善識位次者，涅般即生死，菩提即煩惱，此是理即；若知生死即涅槃、煩惱即菩提，是為名字即；因此觀行分明，成五品弟子，即是觀行即；得六根清淨，名相似即；成四十一地，即是分證真實即；證妙覺果，即是究竟即。若能善解此之次位，即不起大乘增上慢、大乘旃陀羅之過罪也。

Eighth, skillfully recognizing the stages: nirvāṇa is identical to saṃsāra, and bodhi is identical to defilements—this is identity in principle. If one knows that saṃsāra is identical to nirvāṇa and defilements are identical to bodhi, this is identity in verbal designation. Having distinct contemplative practice because of this, becoming a disciple of the five grades, is identity in contemplative practice. Attaining the purity of the six faculties is called identity in resemblance. Completing the forty-one grounds is identity in partial realization of the real. Realizing the fruit of wondrous awakening is ultimate identity. If one can skillfully understand these stages, one will not give rise to the transgressive faults of Mahāyāna overweening pride or becoming a Mahāyāna caṇḍāla.