維摩經略疏 6.111

6.111

二、解釋者，因中四分，一往分別三毒對三大疾，三處等起故名等分，生地大病。貪欲對水。經云「愛河洄復沒眾生，無明所盲不能出。」愛能潤業如水潤生。瞋恚對火，瞋心一起燒滅善根。愚癡對風，以愚癡故則有四倒，故經云「四倒暴風能偃山夷岳」。地具三分，如水火風俱集一身，故以對之。故用四分為四因疾。凡夫愚鄙有此四分，則有八萬四千，隨緣發動惱害心神，說為因病。果疾者，即是四分感四大身，一大不調百一病動，四大不調四百四病，病惱非一。復次由於四分感成報身，即有生老病死，此亦是眾生之大患也。下文云「有生死即有病」。此患亦因四分而生，如《瑞應》云「貪欲致老，嗔恚致病，愚癡致死。」義推應云等分致生。有四大四病之苦，即果病也。但經論隨緣，或時火譬貪欲、水譬嗔恚、風亦不定。今一往從多，如前對耳，通則何所不譬。

Second, explanation: As for the four divisions in the cause, provisionally distinguishing them, the three poisons correspond to the three great illnesses; arising equally from the three places, it is called the equal division, giving rise to illness of the earth element. Craving corresponds to water. The sūtra says: "The river of desire surges and drowns sentient beings; blinded by ignorance, they are unable to get out." Desire can moisten karma just as water moistens life. Anger corresponds to fire; once an angry mind arises, it burns and destroys roots of goodness. Delusion corresponds to wind; because of delusion, there are the four inversions; hence the sūtra says: "The tempest of the four inversions can topple mountains and level peaks." Earth possesses the three parts, just as water, fire, and wind all gather in a single body; therefore it corresponds to it. Hence the four divisions are used as the four causal illnesses. When ordinary beings, foolish and base, have these four divisions, there are eighty-four thousand [afflictions], which stir in accordance with conditions to trouble and harm the mind and spirit; these are spoken of as causal illnesses. Fruitional illness: this is the four divisions receiving the body of the four great elements; when one great element is out of harmony, one hundred and one illnesses stir; when the four great elements are out of harmony, there are four hundred and four illnesses; the afflictions of illness are not singular. Furthermore, because of the four divisions receiving and accomplishing the retribution body, there are birth, old age, sickness, and death; these are also great ailments of sentient beings. The lower text says: "Where there is birth and death, there is illness." This ailment also arises due to the four divisions; as the Ruiying says: "Craving brings about old age, anger brings about illness, and delusion brings about death." By deduction of principle, it should say that the equal division brings about birth. Having the suffering of the four great elements and the four illnesses is fruitional illness. But sūtras and treatises accord with conditions: sometimes fire illustrates craving, water illustrates anger, and wind is also not fixed. Now, provisionally following the majority, it corresponds as above; generally speaking, what can it not illustrate?