維摩經略疏 4.47

4.47

From "Indeed, when preaching" below is second, the specific rebuke. The text has three parts; this uses the three teachings of the Mahāyāna gateway to specifically refute Maudgalyāyana's three failures to match. Here there are three pairs: first, externally preaching in accordance with the marks of phenomena, and internally understanding in accordance with the marks of phenomena; this uses the Shared Teaching of identical-with-emptiness to denounce not-identical-with-emptiness, refuting his preaching of the Dharma as not matching principle. Second, externally one should comprehend capacities and conditions, and internally know and see well without obstruction; this uses the Distinct Teaching to refute not matching capacities and conditions and failing to attain the four unhindered knowledges. Third, externally having compassionate concern for sentient beings, and internally mindful of repaying the Buddha's kindness; this uses the Perfect Teaching to refute not matching the Buddha's mind. Being able to use the three teachings to preach the Dharma is preaching in accordance with the marks of phenomena. Maudgalyāyana did not use these three to preach to the householders, so he crushed his error of preaching the Tripiṭaka, causing him to rely on the three Mahāyāna teachings to preach in accordance with the marks of phenomena. The first text has two parts: first, one should preach in accordance with the Dharma; second, one should understand in accordance with the Dharma. The first text has three parts: first, stating the topic and giving general encouragement; second, explaining specifically; third, concluding. In the first, general encouragement: one should rely on the three emptinesses of comprehending dharmas in the Mahāyāna gateway to preach in accordance with the Dharma.