維摩經略疏垂裕記 1.140

1.140

六、明說教，二：初、標。二、「一染」下，釋，四：初、染淨，二：初、穢。二、淨。「開漸教」者，暹云：開出之開。「本願說」者，荊溪云：上品淨土不須開漸，故須因願乃可有說，香積無願故不得說。不說不聞，故來問也。如安養界，樹說苦空、人開羅漢，既不云願，驗土非高。

Six, clarifying the teaching expounded, with two parts: first, setting forth the outline. Second, from 'First, defiled...' onward, explaining, with four parts: first, defiled and pure, with two parts: first, defiled; second, pure. Regarding 'opening the gradual teaching,' Daoxian says: The 'opening' of opening and bringing forth. Regarding 'expounded through fundamental vows,' Jingxi says: The superior pure lands do not need to open the gradual; therefore it must be due to vows that there can be exposition. Because Gandhakūṭa has no vows, it cannot be expounded. Since it is neither expounded nor heard, they come to ask. As in the realm of Sukhāvatī, the trees expound suffering and emptiness and humans are opened to arhatship; since it does not mention vows, this proves that the land is not the highest.