維摩經略疏垂裕記 1.160

1.160

二、「此既」下，誡勸。晚人即譯人。非佛阿難者，若謂佛制品號，而經無自唱之文。若謂結集所安，品中亦無的據。二者俱非，蓋譯人所置耳。甞試論之。且仲尼生乎此方，洎沒後言教何有齊魯兩論分章不同、大小二戴禮經各別？況東西遼敻、華梵音殊，隨彼譯人命題或異，故今誡云不足定執。若佛自制者，如《法華．藥王品》佛自唱言「若有聞是藥王菩薩本事品」。結集人安者，如〈妙音品〉末集經家云「說是妙音來往品時」。準彼經文，以例此品並非二塗，信是譯人準義立名也。如《大品經》結集之家本唯三品，羅什譯訖以類開之成九十品。又如《大經》本無序品，最初但是〈壽命品〉耳。至南朝修定，謝公準六卷《泥洹》開此〈壽命〉以為四品，謂〈序品〉、〈純陀〉、〈哀歎〉、〈長壽〉也。又開〈如來性品〉以為十品。斯非譯人，但修定者加也。準知諸經非佛自唱及以集者，即晚人添也。

Second, from "Since this..." below, admonition and exhortation. "Later people" means the translators. As for "neither the Buddha nor Ānanda": if one says the Buddha established the chapter title, the sūtra has no text where he proclaims it himself. If one says it was arranged by the compilers, there is also no clear evidence within the chapter. Both being neither, it was merely established by the translators. Let us test this with a discussion. When Confucius was born in this land, after his death how did his spoken teachings come to have different chapter divisions between the Qi and Lu versions of the Analects, or differences between the Elder and Younger Dai's Records of Rites? How much more so across vast distances between East and West, and with the difference in sounds between Chinese and Sanskrit—titles might differ according to the translators; hence the present admonition says one should not rigidly adhere to them. If formulated by the Buddha himself, it is like the "Bhaiṣajyarāja Chapter" of the Lotus Sūtra, where the Buddha himself proclaimed: "If there is anyone who hears this Chapter on the Ancient Accounts of the Bodhisattva Bhaiṣajyarāja." If arranged by the compilers, it is like the end of the "Gadgadasvara Chapter", where the compiler of the sūtra says: "When this Chapter on the Coming and Going of Gadgadasvara was spoken." According to those sūtra texts, taking them as parallels, this chapter fits neither path; one can trust that it was the translator who established the name according to the meaning. For example, in the Pañcaviṃśatisāhasrikā Prajñāpāramitā Sūtra, the compilers originally only had three chapters; after Kumārajīva translated it, he divided it into ninety chapters according to category. Again, for example, the Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra originally had no preface chapter, and the very beginning was merely the "Lifespan Chapter." When it was edited and revised during the Southern Dynasties, Lord Xie followed the six-fascicle Nirvāṇa Sūtra and split this "Lifespan Chapter" into four chapters, namely the "Introductory Chapter", "Cunda", "Lamentation", and "Long Life." He also divided the "Tathāgatagarbha Chapter" into ten chapters. These were not done by the translator, but added by the editors. By this one can know that what was not personally proclaimed by the Buddha or established by the compilers was added by later people.