說無垢稱經疏 2.4

2.4

六度合以五門分別：一釋名、二出體、三釋相、四辨果、五諸門通局等。一、釋名者，梵云始迦波羅蜜多，始迦十也，波羅彼岸也，蜜多離也到也，總云十離到彼岸。十者數也。彼岸有五：一所知、二教、三理、四行、五果。由此十行，能了一切空有境盡、能解一切五明教盡、能達一切真俗理盡、能修一切福慧行盡、能證一切菩提果盡，名到彼岸。菩提、菩提斷俱名菩提，菩提、涅槃並名菩提故。於五境中有少不盡，不名到彼岸。離者遠離，由此十行能離生死五蘊等法、能到所知五種彼岸，名十波羅蜜多。《大般若》中作如此解，帶數釋也。釋別名者，能裂慳悋，名為布施。乃至決斷諸法事理，名之為智。布施即波羅蜜多，乃至智即波羅蜜多，皆持業釋也。

The six pāramitās are analyzed altogether through five gates: 1. Explaining the names; 2. Presenting their essence; 3. Explaining their characteristics; 4. Distinguishing their fruits; 5. The scope of various gates. 1. Explaining the names: In Sanskrit it is *daśa-pāramitā*. *Daśa* means ten; *pāra* means the other shore; *m-ita* means departure and arrival; collectively it means the ten departures and arrivals to the other shore. "Ten" is a number. "The other shore" has five kinds: 1. Objects of knowledge; 2. Teachings; 3. Principle; 4. Practice; 5. Fruit. Because of these ten practices, one can completely comprehend all spheres of emptiness and existence, understand all teachings of the five sciences, penetrate all principles of truth and convention, cultivate all practices of merit and wisdom, and realize all fruits of bodhi; this is called reaching the other shore. Bodhi and the abandonment of bodhi are both called bodhi, because both bodhi and nirvāṇa are called bodhi. If among the five spheres there is even a little that is not exhausted, it is not called reaching the other shore. "Departure" means departing far away: because of these ten practices one can depart from the five skandhas and other dharmas of saṃsāra, and reach the five kinds of other shores of the knowable, they are called the ten pāramitās. This explanation is made in the *Mahāprajñāpāramitā-sūtra*, which is an analysis containing numbers (dvigu-samāsa). Explaining the individual names: being able to tear apart stinginess is called giving, and so forth up to being able to decisively determine the phenomena and principles of all dharmas is called knowledge. Giving is itself a pāramitā, and so on up to knowledge is itself a pāramitā; these are all appositional compounds (karmadhāraya-samāsa).