金光明最勝王經疏 4.5

4.5

Regarding explaining the title: the *Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi-śāstra* says, "Synthetically gathering conditioned and unconditioned virtues as their intrinsic nature, serving as the supreme support for the practices cultivated and causing them to arise and grow, they are therefore called 'stages' (bhūmi)." The explanations in the *Bodhisattvabhūmi-dhārakasūtra*, the *Mahāyānasaṃgraha*, the *Yogācārabhūmi*, and the *Mahāyānasūtrālaṃkāra* are all largely the same. "Purified" means clean and pure, because of being separated from the two obstacles. However, the *Mahāyānasamajñātāsūtra* and the *Mahāyānābhisamayasūtra* state that each of the three vehicles has ten stages. The ten stages of the bodhisattva can eliminate the two obstacles and are extremely pure, so they are termed "utmost"—that is, the most purified of stages; this is a tatpuruṣa compound. "Purified" subsumes that which relies; "stage" is that upon which one relies; the general serves as the locus of reliance for the particular. Alternatively, the essence of the ten stages has the conditioned and unconditioned virtues as its essence, and this essence of virtues is separated from the two obstacles, so it is termed "utmost purified." The utmost purified is itself the stage, hence termed the "utmost purified stages"; this is a karmadhāraya compound. The name "dhāraṇī" has already been explained above. Through these purified stages one attains this dhāraṇī, and within this dhāraṇī one can purify these stages; both are tatpuruṣa compounds. It is not open to [the dvandva compound of] mutual opposition, because the dhāraṇī causes separation from the five obstacles and thus gets the name "purified stage." If one takes the ten perfections and so forth, it is merely named "utmost purified stages"; if one takes the dhāraṇī, it is named "dhāraṇī of the utmost purified stages."