注大乘入楞伽經 10.32

10.32

If we analyze the two obstacles in combination with the sixth, seventh, and eighth consciousnesses, one position holds that in the eighth consciousness there are only latent impressions, in the manas there are only seeds, and in the sixth consciousness there are only active manifestations; or it is said that the sixth, seventh, and eighth consciousnesses all encompass latent impressions, seeds, and active manifestations. However, these two obstacles are both able to obstruct wisdom and are collectively called ignorance, because they are the two kinds of ignorance: fundamental and derivative. As the Awakening of Faith says: 'Explaining the two obstacles on the basis of the gateway of the mutual dependence of fundamental and derivative: taking the six defiled minds produced by ignorance as the affliction obstacle (that is, the afflictions of the four resting-grounds), and the ignorance that is able to produce the defiled mind (the fundamental) is called the wisdom obstacle (the resting-ground of ignorance).' The affliction obstacle is also called derivative ignorance (it is also called the cognitive obstacle). Why? Because from the aspect of being able to defile objects, it is called affliction; from the aspect of being able to obstruct wisdom, it is also called ignorance. Thus the Yogācārabhūmi says: 'Ignorance is twofold: that which is associated with greed and so forth is called associated ignorance (derivative); that which is not associated with greed and so forth is called unassociated ignorance (fundamental), because it is the master.' The Vijñaptimātratāsiddhi also says: 'Unshared ignorance is twofold: first, constantly active unshared, which is present only in the manas (derivative); second, independently active unshared, which is absent in the manas (fundamental).'