四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 1.169

1.169

初中，《四分》云：別眾者，應來者不來，是身、口、心俱不集；二應與欲者，不與欲來，是身、心不集；三現前得訶人訶，謂心、口不集。反此三種，則成和眾。謂初人，三業俱集；中者，心口俱集；後人，身口集，而心不集。默坐不訶，亦名和合。故文云：應訶者不訶。又云：舍利弗見眾僧如法羯磨，而心不同。應作默然，是如法也。又六群比丘，往說戒處不坐，佛言非法。《五分》中：背說戒羯磨坐臥，等是別眾。《僧祇》中：行作羯磨，坐則別眾；四儀互作，十二種人。

Regarding the first part, the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: 'Separate saṃgha' means: those who ought to come do not come, which is the non-assembly of body, speech, and mind altogether; second, those who ought to grant chanda do not grant chanda before [the other] arrives, which is the non-assembly of body and mind; third, those present who are entitled to object do object, which means the non-assembly of mind and speech. The opposites of these three kinds constitute a harmonious saṃgha. That is to say, for the first kind of person, all three karmic actions assemble; for the middle, mind and speech assemble together; for the latter person, body and speech assemble, while the mind does not assemble. Sitting in silence without objecting is also termed harmony. Therefore the text states: 'Those who ought to object do not object.' It also states: 'Śāriputra saw the community of monks perform a karman according to the Dharma, while his mind disagreed. He ought to remain silent; this is according to the Dharma.' Furthermore, when the group of six bhikṣus went to the upoṣadha recitation place and did not sit down, the Buddha declared it contrary to the Dharma. In the Pañcavargika Vinaya, sitting or lying down with one's back turned to the upoṣadha recitation or karman likewise constitutes a separate saṃgha. In the Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya, if [the saṃgha] performs the karman while walking, sitting constitutes a separate saṃgha; with the four postures performed mutually [in divergence], there are twelve categories of persons.