四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.419

2.419

次論止犯。或九或八。言九句者：上品四句，有十六罪。中品四句，有八罪。下品一句，但犯根本一罪；如不乞處分造房，但犯一僧殘；由識法識犯故，無不學無知罪。所以顛倒前句不同者，以犯門解義，罪多為上品；犯四根本、僧殘，各加不學無知；如前列數，非多何謂？言八句者，對教行不學以明，則無識法、識犯下品一句。若對事明，亦有兩箇九句，謂可學迷及不可學迷。如不說淨、見犯不發，即是可學；若迷、若忘，即不可學。如此廣知，隨指一戒，達之則類遍法界也。

Next, to discuss abstention transgression. It has either nine or eight [propositions]. The statement of nine propositions: The four propositions of the superior grade have sixteen offenses. The four propositions of the middling grade have eight offenses. The single proposition of the inferior grade commits only the single primary offense; for example, building a hut without requesting authorization commits only a single saṃghāvaśeṣa; because one knows the rule and knows the offense, there is no offense of not studying or ignorance. The reason this reverses the preceding propositions is that, when explaining the meaning under the heading of transgressions, where offenses are numerous it constitutes the superior grade; transgressing the four primary offenses or saṃghāvaśeṣa, in each case not studying and ignorance are added; as in the enumerations listed above, how could it not be called numerous? The statement of eight propositions: When clarified in contrast to the practice of non-study of the teachings, then the single inferior-grade proposition of knowing the rule and knowing the offense is absent. If clarified in relation to matters, there are also two sets of nine propositions, namely, learnable confusion and unlearnable confusion. For example, failing to perform the purifying declaration or seeing an offense and not disclosing it are learnable; being confused or forgetting are unlearnable. When one broadly understands in this way, by pointing to a single precept, comprehending it will apply analogously throughout the entire realm of phenomena.