四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.121

3.121

盡形體者。《僧祇》：胡椒、蓽茇、呵梨勒等，此藥無時食氣，頓受，病比丘終身服。《四分》云：不任為食者，一切鹹、苦、辛、甘等，不任為食，名盡形藥體。《善見》：一切樹木及草根、莖、枝、葉，為食不任者，盡形服之。又樹木、草，無問根、莖，並是時藥；或根是時藥，莖是盡形；互有俱是，不可名示。但令堪食，時藥所攝；不任者，盡形藥。《明了論疏》云：若病服七日藥，隨病為量，若差須捨；若無病復不飢，非時食者，得非時食罪。油、蜜、膏亦爾，故論中舉穌等。終身藥則不爾，有身必有病，佛許服此藥，防護一期果報身；若無客病，又不飢渴，非時不得服。《十誦》：淨苦酒無酒氣無糟者，過中得飲。上來辨者，一切經律，隨事辨體；同此宗者，具列如上。今有愚夫，非時妄噉諸杏子湯、乾棗汁、果漿含滓、藕根米汁，乾地黃、茯苓末、諸藥酒煎非鹹苦格口者，非時噉之，並出在自心，妄憑聖教；不如噉飯，未必長惡，引誤後生，罪流長世。

Regarding the lifetime [medicines]: The Mahāsāṃghika Vinaya states: Pepper, long pepper, harītakī, and the like; these medicines have no smell of food for the proper time, are received all at once, and a sick monk may take them for the rest of his life. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: Anything unfit to serve as food—all salty, bitter, pungent, and sweet things that are unfit to serve as food—is called the substance of a lifetime medicine. The Samantapāsādikā states: All roots, stems, branches, and leaves of trees and grasses that are unfit for food may be taken for the rest of one's life. Furthermore, of trees and grasses, roots and stems alike may all be medicines for the proper time; or the root may be a medicine for the proper time while the stem is for a lifetime; or they may mutually both be so, which cannot be specified exhaustively. Provided only that it is fit for food, it is subsumed under medicines for the proper time; what is unfit is a lifetime medicine. The Commentary on the Vinayavibhāṣā states: If one takes seven-day medicines for illness, it is measured according to the illness, and when one recovers it must be relinquished; if one is without illness and also not hungry, eating them at the improper time incurs the offense of eating at an improper time. Oil, honey, and fat are also like this; therefore the treatise cites butter and the like. Lifetime medicines are not like this: wherever there is a body there is bound to be illness, so the Buddha permitted the taking of these medicines to protect this one lifetime's body of retribution; if one is without acute illness and also neither hungry nor thirsty, one must not take them at the improper time. The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: Pure vinegar with neither the smell of alcohol nor dregs may be drunk past midday. What has been distinguished above represents all the sūtras and vinayas distinguishing substances according to circumstances; those of the same lineage are listed fully as above. Today there are foolish men who at improper times errantly consume various apricot decoctions, dried jujube juice, fruit juices containing sediment, lotus root rice gruel, dried rehmannia, poria powder, and various medicines boiled in wine that are not salty, bitter, and harsh to the mouth—eating them at improper times all stems from their own minds, while falsely relying on the holy teachings; it would be better to eat plain rice, which would not necessarily foster evil, mislead future generations, and spread transgression for ages to come.