四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.151

3.151

四明互覆墮者。《四分》中：安食具在樹上，並從根斷。若樹根在不淨地，枝葉覆淨地，果墮淨地，或為風吹雨打鳥獸墮者；但使無人觸知，遇緣而墮，雖經明相，不成內宿，謂長足果也。若不淨地果菜，未長足來，運運重生，則無內宿，隨時而取，得入淨厨。若果菜已離本處者，隨經明相，比丘若知，即不得食（上來義約，律文不了）。《五分》：樹根在淨、不淨地，比丘亦在淨、不淨地；果墮其中，非比丘所為，經宿者得食。若見果墮非淨地，使淨人拾聚，經宿，不知淨、不淨處，聽食；若知在不淨地，不得食。《僧祇》：樹在淨、不淨地，果墮淨地，隨何時取之；若淨地、不淨地果，落不淨地，應及時內淨厨中。若不淨地生瓜瓠者，摘取及時內淨屋中。有運致穀米豆等，準前。並謂比丘不覺在不淨地者，成淨；若知，不淨（《四分》知不知中，大同此律）。

Fourth, explaining mutual overhang and falling. In the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya: food utensils are placed in trees, and all [trees] are severed at the root. If the tree roots are in impure ground, the branches and leaves overhang pure ground, and fruit falls into the pure ground, or is made to fall by wind, rain, birds, or beasts; provided that no person touches or knows of it, and it falls by chance circumstance, even though it passes through dawn light, it does not constitute keeping overnight within—meaning fruit that is fully grown. If fruits and vegetables in impure ground have not yet fully grown and continually regenerate, then there is no keeping overnight within; when taken in due time, they may enter the pure kitchen. If fruits and vegetables have already been separated from their original place, whenever they pass through dawn light, if a bhikṣu knows of it, he may not eat them (the above is a deduced meaning; the Vinaya text is not clear). The Pañcavargika-vinaya says: 'If the tree root is in pure or impure ground, and the bhikṣu is also in pure or impure ground; when fruit falls among them through no action of the bhikṣu, if it has stayed overnight, it may be eaten. If one sees fruit fall into non-pure ground and has a kappiyakāraka gather it, and after staying overnight one does not know whether it is a pure or impure place, it is permitted to be eaten; if one knows it is in an impure ground, it may not be eaten.' The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya says: 'If a tree is in pure or impure ground and the fruit falls into pure ground, it may be taken at any time. If fruit from pure or impure ground falls into impure ground, it should be brought into the pure kitchen in a timely manner. If melons or gourds grow in impure ground, pluck them and bring them into the pure building in a timely manner. Transporting grain, rice, beans, and so forth is treated according to the above.' In all these cases, it means that if the bhikṣu is unaware that it is in impure ground, it becomes pure; if he knows, it is impure (the Dharmaguptaka Vinaya's account regarding knowing and not knowing is largely the same as this Vinaya).