四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.160

3.160

三所授人。手受為五義，除自同類，餘六眾、三趣，皆成受；口受唯對比丘，餘眾不成。《薩婆多》：凡受食，為作證明故，若在有人處，非人、畜生及無知小兒，悉不成受；在無人處，天神、畜生，成。廣如〈隨相〉不受食戒。《善見》：止食有三，謂手口眼也。

Third: the person who confers it. Physical receipt serves five purposes; with the exception of one's own category [of fully ordained monks], all other members of the six classes [of Buddhists] and the three destinies can effect the receipt. Verbal receipt must be performed only before a bhikṣu; it cannot be effected before the other classes. The *Sarvāstivāda-vinaya-vibhāṣā* states: In all cases of receiving food, it is for the sake of witnessing; if one is in an inhabited place, non-humans, animals, and ignorant children cannot effect the receipt; in an uninhabited place, devas and animals can effect it. This is explained extensively under the precept against eating unreceived food in the chapter on "Following the Marks". The *Samantapāsādikā* states: Refusal of food has three aspects: by hand, by mouth, and by eye.