四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 3.266

3.266

四就座命客法。彼上座置設佛僧二座已，然後去聖僧座一尺許，敷尼師壇，為表敬也。《四分》：往食處，不應錯亂雜聚而住，應隨次坐。上座坐已，應看中座下座，勿令不如法，不善覆身；若有者，彈指令覺，若遣人語知，好如法坐。中座坐已，看上下座，勿令非法。下座坐已，亦互看上中亦爾。《僧祇》：不好覆身坐者，謂著細生疎衣，形體露現。摩訶羅坐不正，語云：正汝衣；若不覺者，語云：覆汝形。尼坐不正，不得語令知，恐其慚恥；應作方便，遣令取物。若淫女故作者，當自起避去。《四分》：至請家，彼此相問年歲大小訖坐。若恐日時欲過，聽上座八尼次第坐，餘者隨坐。僧須準此。《僧祇》：勞問食家云：家中何如？生活好不等。《四分》：不應故在後往食上，令諸比丘起；亦得見來不須起；若未來者，比座開處。《僧祇》：若有可笑事，上座應言：云何聖毘尼中，出齗現齒呵呵而笑，當忍之；起無常苦空無我死想等。由不可止，當以衣角遮口，徐徐制止；身不定者，當動手足；乃至折草，漸漸自制。義準至死喪請處，及凡食家。並準《僧祇》：慎無喧笑，及交頭雜說，妄談世論。《五分》：若請處，外客比丘不得入，語主人聽入；不許者，語云：與我食分，自共等食；又不許者，應自語委知，僧坊有食，可往彼去；然後乃食。《薩婆多》：通集門外比丘一處，喚一大者入；若更餘不集者，亦喚入之。雖打楗稚，終須不遮，方得清淨，如〈隨相〉也。

Fourth, the protocol for taking seats and ordering the guests. After that senior monk has set up the two seats for the Buddha and the saṃgha, he then spreads his niṣīdāna about one chi away from the holy monk's seat, to express reverence. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: When going to the eating place, they should not assemble and stay in a disordered confusion, but should sit according to seniority. Once the senior monk has sat down, he should watch the middle-ranking and junior monks, not allowing them to act improperly or fail to properly cover their bodies; if any do so, he snaps his fingers to awaken them, or sends someone to tell and inform them to sit properly in accordance with the Dharma. Once the middle-ranking monks have sat down, they watch the senior and junior monks, not allowing what is improper. Once the junior monks have sat down, they also mutually watch the senior and middle-ranking monks in the same way. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: 'Failing to properly cover one's body when sitting' refers to wearing thin, raw, or loose garments such that the body is exposed. If a mahalla does not sit upright, one tells him: 'Straighten your robes'; if he does not realize it, one tells him: 'Cover your form.' If a nun sits improperly, one must not speak to let her know, lest she feel shame; one should employ an expedient and send her to fetch something. If a courtesan deliberately does so, one should rise oneself and leave. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: Having arrived at the home of the host, they inquire mutually about their age and seniority, and then sit. If it is feared that the proper time of day will pass, it is permitted for the senior [monk] and eight nuns to sit in sequence, and the rest sit accordingly. The monks must follow this standard. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: One warmly inquires of the host family, saying: 'How is the family? Is your livelihood good or not?' and so forth. The Dharmaguptaka Vinaya states: One should not intentionally go late to the meal so as to make the monks rise; they may also, upon seeing him arrive, not rise; if someone has not yet arrived, the neighboring seats leave an open space. The Mahāsāṃghika-vinaya states: If there is something laughable, the senior monk should say: 'How in the noble Vinaya can one bare the gums, show the teeth, and laugh