四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.18

2.18

The fourth is the pāyattika category. Its meaning is translated as "falling." The Daśādhyāya-vinaya states: because one falls into the hell of burning, boiling, and obscurity. In the Dharmaguptaka: monks have one hundred and twenty kinds; thirty are taken separately because they arise from material things, where greedy and arrogant minds are strong, so it is prescribed that they be forfeited to the saṃgha, hence they are called niḥsargika; the remaining ninety are repented solely before another person; in terms of the essence of the offense, they are repented under the same grade. The two hundred and eight precepts of nuns enter the third class: thirty are forfeiture and falling, and the rest enter separate repentance; the differences and similarities of types and features are as shown in the "Special Section". The Rules of the Essentials of Vinaya states: niḥsargika was traditionally translated as forfeiture and falling. The Śabdavidyā states: ni is translated as complete; sargika as forfeiture; pāyattika was originally called prāyaścitta. The Vinayavibhāṣā explains: the prāyaścittika division has three hundred and sixty offenses. The Sammatīya school translates it as "requiring exertion," explained with three meanings: first, the offenses are mostly light and subtle, hard to recognize whether intact or broken; second, natural offenses and prohibitory offenses; third, for those who readily break them, exertion should be made as an antidote, not letting them spread widely. The Sarvāstivāda says: prāyaścittika is translated as "requiring an antidote"; one must constantly reflect, and if one commits it, immediately become aware. The Sthavira school says: prāyaścittika is translated as "able to burn"; this offense incurs the Mahāraurava Hell; in the causal stage it can scorch the mind, and in the fruitional stage it can incinerate sentient beings. It has only three divisions, with two preliminaries. With thirty and ninety, there are therefore one hundred and twenty. There is no sthūlātyaya, but two duṣkṛtas.