四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.221

2.221

The *Samantapāsādikā* lists five kinds of completing the four [monks] that do not constitute an offense: First, completing the four without an invitation: a dānapati specifically invites four persons, and one person does not go; the host, seeing one missing, spots a bhikṣu approaching noon and immediately calls him to give him food—this is called saṃgha rotation (in his mind there is no discrimination). Second, completing the four by begging: also on a specific invitation where one person does not go, and approaching noon a bhikṣu begging food arrives, and he is given food according to the order. Third, completing the four with a śrāmaṇera. Fourth, completing the four with an almsbowl (four persons are specifically invited; three persons arrive in body, and one is invited via his bowl). Fifth, completing the four with a sick person (this refers to the insane and deranged). None of these constitute a separate saṃgha, and they may eat.