四分律刪繁補闕行事鈔 2.413

2.413

Next, with respect to unlearnable matters, we clarify the nine propositions of abstention observance. Regarding the matter and regarding the offense, there are three mental states each. Initially, there are three propositions: 1. knowing the matter and knowing the offense; 2. knowing the matter and doubting the offense; 3. knowing the matter and not knowing the offense. Second: doubting the matter and knowing the offense; doubting the matter and doubting the offense; doubting the matter and not knowing the offense. Third: not knowing the matter and knowing the offense; not knowing the matter and doubting the offense; not knowing the matter and not knowing the offense. Within these three triads of propositions, each of the lower two propositions distinguishes between doubt and ignorance; each possesses the two offenses of not studying and ignorance, totaling twelve offenses. These are also termed 'abstention observance' in view of not transgressing the primary [precept]. However, although the matter is learnable, because perception and doubt arise falsely, and though one does not clearly apprehend the object, the Sage did not formulate an offense. Question: As in killing, stealing, and so forth, where there is the perception of a human or a non-human, or the perception of owned or unowned property, the Vinaya concludes no offense; yet what of the cases where an offense is also formulated? Answer: Sometimes it is directed toward an offense-object, human or non-human, and so mental offense is established; sometimes it is directed toward a non-offense-object, such as unowned property. However, that confused mind does not establish the principal offense; but because it is directed toward an offense[-object], its existence or non-existence differs. Furthermore, this is not like the preceding section, where, because the rule and matter are both known, it is learnable; where there is doubt or ignorance, an offense is in all cases formulated. If so, later in the case of rule-objects, there is also the shift of perception; for example, not having obtained authorization, having the perception of authorization, or having doubt, also does not transgress the heavy [offense]; why is an offense formulated? Answer: This merely speaks based on the matter within abstention observance. If it is as you cite, there are two sets of nine propositions regarding the rule; this will be further distinguished later under performance observance.