四分律行事鈔資持記 1.513

1.513

次明竪標，本宗中二，初列相。且列八種，今須委引，要知出處。初制大界法云：當唱方相，若空處（如文，即蘭若也。），若樹下，若山，若谷，若巖窟，若露地（如文，無覆處也。），若草𧂐（如文，𧂐聚。），若園邊，若塚間，若水澗，若石𧂐，若樹杌，若荊棘邊，若汪水（如文），若渠側，若池，若糞聚（如文），若村，若村界。（共有十九，文引五相。）重制法中，山塹如文（律云如東方，餘方亦爾。），若村，若城，若疆畔（謂封疆界際也），若園，若林，若池，若樹，若垣牆，若神祀舍。（共十二種，文引前二。）戒場中云：若安杙（如文），若石，若疆畔。（三相引一。）三處所出，或有同異，對之可見。準下，二評量，初二句指漫。何下，出意。文中略舉空地。若準疏云如空處露地草𧂐釘杙，皆非久固，不可依承。（汪水、糞聚、荊棘等亦然。）必下，明臨事用舍，初通標。或下，別示，初明暫用。空謂指空為相，礙謂以物為相。由物相間，空處可辨，故曰兩分。必下，明久固。準他部者，生下《善見》。

Next, explaining erecting markers: in our own school there are two parts: first, listing the characteristics. Eight kinds are provisionally listed; now they must be cited in detail, so that their sources are known. In the rules for the initial establishment of a great boundary, it says: "One should proclaim the directional characteristics: whether an empty space (as in the text, meaning an araṇya), a tree base, a mountain, a valley, a rock cave, an open area (as in the text, a place without cover), a grass thicket (as in the text, a cluster of grass), the edge of a garden, a cemetery, a water ravine, a rock pile, a tree stump, the edge of briars, standing water (as in the text), the side of a ditch, a pond, a dung heap (as in the text), a village, or a village boundary." (There are nineteen in all; the text cites five characteristics.) In the rules for the re-establishment, mountains and moats are as in the text (the Vinaya says: "as in the eastern direction, so too in the other directions"), or a village, a city wall, a border boundary (meaning the territorial border line), a garden, a grove, a pond, a tree, a wall, or a spirit shrine. (There are twelve kinds in all; the text cites the first two.) In the rules for a precept platform, it says: "whether driven stakes (as in the text), stones, or border boundaries." (Out of three characteristics, one is cited.) In what appears in these three places, there are agreements and differences; they can be seen by comparing them. From "According to…" downward, the second part evaluates them. The first two sentences point out their vagueness. From "Why…" downward gives the reason. The text briefly brings up empty ground. If according to the Commentary, it says that such things as empty space, open ground, grass thickets, and driven stakes are not enduring and cannot be relied upon. (Standing water, dung heaps, briars, etc., are also like this.) From "If…" downward explains their use and rejection according to circumstances: first, it indicates them in general. From "Or…" downward shows them specifically: first it explains temporary use. "Empty" means pointing to empty space as a characteristic; "obstructed" means taking an object as a characteristic. Because objects alternate, the empty space can be distinguished, hence it says "two portions." From "If…" downward explains enduring stability. "According to other schools" introduces the Samantapāsādikā below.